How low marginal costs and switching costs have combined

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Reference no: EM133665030

Homework: Management

The goal of a concept map is to simplify complex concepts using circles, boxes, and all sorts of shapes and icons to represent ideas and lines to connect them together. For example, lawyers might use concept maps to outline arguments. By presenting their arguments to their team in a concept map, they could get feedback and uncover faults or gaps in their reasoning.

Concept maps were developed by Joseph Novak at Cornell University to represent students' science knowledge. They are similar to mind maps, but unlike mind maps, need not branch out from one central idea.

Concept maps are a graphical tool that is used to visualize meaningful relationships among concepts, processes, or events. It's used as a knowledge representation tool, meaning they basically represent the knowledge structure that we store in our minds about a certain topic. Both simple and complex concept maps consist of two things: concepts and relationships among them.

The concept map focuses on a single concept, process, or event of interest found in Open Source, Cloud, Virtualized, and App-Driven Shifts. Lines link the related concepts or processes with a word or phrase that describes the nature of the relationship between two components. Concept maps start with broad, general relationships and build on them to create very complex visual models of how many factors interact to produce a given outcome.

Your task in this homework is to create a concept map, drawing upon the ideas in Open Source, Cloud, Virtualized, and App-Driven Shifts as outlined in Chapter 15 of your textbook. Consider:

A. How low marginal costs, network effects, and switching costs have combined to help create a huge and important industry.

B. The software industry is undergoing significant and broadly impactful change brought about by several increasingly adopted technologies including open source software, cloud computing, and software as a service.

C. New trends in the software industry, including open source software (OSS), cloud computing, software as a service (SaaS), and virtualization are creating challenges and opportunities across tech markets. The impact of these developments can help organizations make better technology choices and investment decisions.

Here is a general procedure for making a concept map.

A. Develop a central question that will serve as the focus for your concept map. The question will help you focus on relationships between the concepts, processes, or events included as nodes in the concept map. Look at the learning objectives in your textbook. Turn one of the learning objectives into a question and then look through the textbook to find topics in the book that are related. Just write all of the topics that you find down (look for 20 to 25).

1. For my example, the question is, "What to consider when replacing computer resources?"

B. List the 5 to 8 factors that you can identify to begin to answer the focal question about Open Source, Cloud, Virtualized, and App-Driven Shifts found throughout Chapter 14 of your textbook to help identify the factors. List the major factors that you can identify to begin to answer the central question. Your objective is to articulate the major factors that contribute to finding an answer to this central question. These major factors form the first tier of nodes.

1. For my example, the major factors could be (i) cloud computing, (ii) Software as a service (SaaS), (iii) Platform as a service (PaaS), (iv) Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), (v) competitive dynamics

C. Now expand on each of these major factors in a cluster. Add detail in the form of secondary concepts (nodes) that contribute to the major factors or concepts you have already identified.

1. For my example, I will expand on (D) Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) and consider Basic Offerings as a secondary concept. IaaS offers a bare-bones set of services that are an alternative to buying physical hardware. Customization might be another secondary concept because IaaS requires the most customization, with firms making their own choices on what products to install, develop, and maintain (e.g., operating systems, programming languages, databases) on the infrastructure they license. These secondary concepts interact with each other. IaaS Basic Offerings directly impacts Customization requiring the organization to perform more support and maintenance services.

D. Continue to build your concept map with at least two more tiers or layers of nodes answering your central question. Your completed concept map should have a first layer that includes the major factors that directly affect concepts, processes, or events. Add at least two more layers, or tiers of nodes, in each of those clusters. You are free to include as many layers or tiers as needed.

1. For my example, the third tier continues to expand on the Customization concept where there will be Benefits and Risks to consider.

E. Think of your concept map as a visual explanation. Imagine using your concept map to explain the influence of the identified major concepts to answer your central question. Your map should make the relationships clear. Use lines to indicate the relationship between nodes and include a word or short phrase to describe the relationship.

F. The Word document accompanying the concept map includes four components:

1. Include the central question you used as a starting point for the concept map.

2. Describe how and why you selected the concepts (nodes) included in your concept map.

3. Explain the overall logic in the organization of your concept map describing in more detail the relationship between concepts (nodes).

4. Provide a summary of how the concepts (nodes) that you included in the concept map answer the central question.

Reference no: EM133665030

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