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How large is drift velocity of the electrons in copper cable

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Reference no: EM132313547

Questions:

[1] An empty rechargeable battery of an electric forklift is charged by a constant current of 16 A.
• Draw the underlying circuit diagram.
• How large is the total charge of the battery after 5 hours?
• How much unit charges have flown into the battery?
• How large is the current density in the copper cable when it has a diameter of 2 mm?
• What happens in general, if the current density increases?

• How large is the drift velocity of the electrons in the copper cable during charging?

[2] Assume that the charging process of the battery has an efficiency of 80%.

• How long would you have to charge the battery in order to reach a complete charge if a charging process with 100% efficiency would last 5 hours?
• What happens to the energy getting lost?

(3) In your household you plug the following electrical devices into your wall outlets:
(1) a vacuum cleaner with 800 Wi (2) a hairdryer with 1 200 W and (3) a heater with 2 kW.
• Draw the corresponding electrical diagram of the network.
• How much current do the individual electric devices consume? Assume a constant voltage of 230 V across the wall outlet.
• How large are the resistances of the three devices?
• Would a fuse designed for 16 A being adequate to allow the operation of all three devices at the same time?
• Which devices could be operated at the same time using the 16 A fuse?

[4] An overhead powedine made of aluminium from the transformer station to an industrial facility has a length of 5 km and a diameter of 1 cm.
• How large is its resistance of one line at 20t?
• How large is its conductance of one line at 20°C?
• How large is the resistance if the powerline heats up to 60°C?

[5] The overhead powerline from the previous question is fed with 400 V and supplies an industrial equipment using 10 kW of electrical power. Assume a temperature of 20°C for the powerline.

• Draw an equivalent circuit diagram.
• How much current flows through the line?
• How much voltage and how much power is dropped along the line?
• What does this mean for the equipment to be supplied?
• How much electric work (or energy) is consumed by the emipment in 24 hours of continuous operation?

[6] In an electronic circuit you need to implement a resistor with a value of 2,2 kΩ.

• You already have one resistor of 1,0 k0. Which value must an additional resistor have that you place in series in order to get the desired total value?
• You already have one resistor of 4,7 ku. Which value must an additional resistor have that you place in parallel in order to get the desired total value?
• How will the resulting values in general be, when you connect resistors in series and in parallel?

[7] High performance overhead power transmission lines are operated at voltages up to 1,1 MV.
• How large is the electrical field strength in 5 meters?
• Which minimum distance need to be kept in order not to initiate a spark?

Assume a dielectric breakdown field strength of air of about 3 x 10. Vim.

Verified Expert

Electric field strength at a point represents the intensity of electric field at that point. The higher the voltage that passing through the source the higher is the electric field strength. But as mentioned to create a spark, there is minimum safe distance at which the source must be brought together with another conductor to avoid sparking. That we can also know from the above expression.

Reference no: EM132313547

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