How do metaphors such as organism-machine and chaos

Reference no: EM133412918

Questions:

1. Contrast the assumptions underlying the scientific approaches to ecology of Ellen Swallow, Frederic Clements, A. G. Tansley, and Nathan Hare. What common elements do you note, and where do they differ? What insights do these documents provide into the dynamics of the development of ecological consciousness?

2. Compare Gifford Pinchot's utilitarian conservation ethic with Aldo Leopold's land ethic (i.e. examine Leopold's A-B cleavage). On what kinds of assumptions does each ethic rest? Do you agree with the thesis that Leopold's land ethic is the better foundation for a contemporary ecological view, or is Pinchot's viewpoint superior?

3. How do metaphors such as organism, machine, and chaos when used by scientists describing ecology affect the resulting science? How do they affect popular culture? What ethical assumptions about the behavior of humans toward nature are implied by these metaphors? Can science ever rid itself of metaphor?

Reference no: EM133412918

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