Reference no: EM133551731
Question: Demonstrate an understanding of how marine sediments are collected and what historical events they reveal.
1 Using Table 4.1, list and describe the characteristics of the four main types of marine sediments.
2 Describe the process of how a drill ship like the JOIDES Resolution obtains core samples from the deep-ocean floor.
3What types of past environmental conditions can be inferred by studying cores of sediment?
Describe the characteristics of lithogenous sediment.
1 Describe the origin, composition, texture, and distribution of lithogenous sediment.
2 Why is most lithogenous sediment composed of quartz? What is the chemical composition of quartz?
3 What is the difference between neurotic and pelagic deposits? Give examples of lithogenous found in each.
1 Describe the origin, composition, and distribution of biogenies sediment.
2 List the two major chemical compounds of which most biogenies sediment is composed and two examples of the microscopic organisms that produce them. Sketch and label these organisms.
3 Technically, what must a biogenies ooze contain to be classified as ooze? What other component do all oozes contain?
4 If siliceous ooze is slowly but constantly dissolving in seawater, how can deposits of siliceous ooze accumulate on the ocean floor?
5 Explain the stages of progression that result in calcareous ooze existing below the CCD.
Describe the characteristics of hydrogenous sediment.
1 Describe the origin, composition, and distribution of hydrogenous sediment.
2 Describe manganese nodules, including what is currently known about how they form.
Describe the characteristics of cosmogenous sediment.
1 Describe the origin, composition, and distribution of cosmogenous sediment.
2 Describe the most common types of cosmogenous sediment and give the probable source of these particles.
Specify how the distribution of pelagic and metro deposits is determined by proximity to sediment sources and mechanisms of transport.
Identify the various resources that marine sediments provide.
1 Why is it so rare to find a pure marine sediment type? Give some examples of mixtures of sediment.
2 Why is lithgenous sediment the most common neurotic deposit? Why are biogenous oozes the most common pelagic deposits?
3 How do fecal pellets help explain why the particles found in the ocean surface waters are closely reflected in the particle composition of the sediment directly beneath? Why is tis unexpected?
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