Reference no: EM132923540

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a psychological disorder whereby the individual exhibits persistent pattern of grandiosity, imagination of unlimited power or importance, and the need for admiration or special treatment (Kacel, Ennis and Pereria, 2017). Most individuals with this disorder show how impulsive, volatile, and attention-seeking they are. Most times they suffer from low self-esteem, and unstable interpersonal relationships that result in a pervasive pattern of interpersonal problems, occupational problems, and significant psychosocial distress ( Stone, Segal, Krus, 2021).

The diagnostic criteria for this disorder according to DSM-5

A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following (APA, 2013):

Question 1: Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements).

Question 2: Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love.

• Believes that he or she is "special" and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status people (or institutions).
• Requires excessive admiration.

Question 3: Has a sense of entitlement (i.e., unreasonable expectations of especially favorable treatment or automatic compliance with his or her expectations).

Question 4: Is interpersonally exploitative (i.e., takes advantage of others to achieve his or her own ends).

• Lacks empathy, unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of others.

Question 5: Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her.

Question 6: Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes (APA, 2013)