Reference no: EM133208066
Introduction
- What is the Global burden of disease study and why is it important? What evidence for global disease burden existed before this study (2017 paper)
- Methods used in the GBD study, difficulties of data analysis.
- My choice of disease is Ischemic Heart disease (IHD)
- IHD definition
- AMI (acute myocardial infarction) and chronic IHD are two different peoblems that come under the same heading and have to be dealt with as one disease. IHD comprises angina pectoris, and assymptomiatic IHD following AMI (heart attack) in other words, AMI can kill and is a burden but surviving AMI produces additional problems that are burdensome for health services. What does the profile of IHD look like worldwide. Put in some numbers here to stress how large a problem this is. Perhaps also a diagram at this point. What are the causes of IHD and what are the risk factors, how has this changed in the present study which covers the period 1990 -2019? What are the measures used to measure the incidence of IHD and any improvement due to health interventions? How do we measure incidence, prevalence and mortality/morbidity. What are YLL's, YLD's, DALY's, health life expectancy. Introduce the concept that age, sex and social demographic index (define) can effect GDB.
Main body of text.
A brief introduction to IHD what does it entail and why is it such a problem. What is the survivability and what implications does this have for GDB. Some numbers are useful here. What is the aetiology ( the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition:) and epidemiology ( the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.) of the disease . What is the geographic distribution of this disease. Why is it not just a disease of the affluent but one that is worldwide. Factors that can lead to IHD. Risk factors, Genetics, Societal problems, diet, smoking, pollution, stress, movement of people etc.
How has IHD been approached worldwide, surveillance being key. Is surveillance the same in all setting worldwide, could this be a major problem? Has there been a change if fatal/non-fatal (chronic cases) as we improve healthcare? What is the analytical approach used to measure IHD. Talk about the models used etc and the statistics that have to be applied in these situations. What are the differences between numbers etc for MI asymptomatic chronic IHD, angina pectoris. The global problem and how this can be broken down into regional differences. A good use of some diagrams could be useful here. Are there any patterns to the global distribution of the disease and does it map onto particular risk factors for the disease that might show prevalence in particular areas. This could include genetics, diet, poverty, socio-economic factors diet etc.
What does the GBD study show in tyerms of actual results. Seems that Uzbekistan and countries like this have the largest burden. Can we associate this with risk factors. Patterns due to age and sex of the sufferers also associated with geographivcal nunaces of IHD? Define sociodemographic index. Are there any patterns noticeable from the study that relate directly to SDI and what might this mean. To sum up: how do risk factors play into the SDI and the geographical associations that you have uncovered if any. What are the major risk factors and have these changed since the last study of this disease as a burden on health services.
Discussion and conclusion
- What does the study show
- Has there been any headway made with IHD and disease burden?
- What are the major risk factors
- What can we about it? And indeed what has been or what are we doing about it as a global society. This has to be dealt with holistically.
- What are the strengths and limitations of GBD studies and how might we improve these?