Reference no: EM131376682
Topic Area: General Psychology
1. Ivan Pavlov pioneered the theory of:
a. Operant conditioning
b. Classical conditioning
c. Social Learning Theory
d. Cognitive Psychology
2. John wants to train his dog, Spot, to shake hands. John decides to reward Spot with a treat every time Spot raises his paw. John hopes to increase Spot's handshaking behavior by following the behavior with a reward. This is an example of:
a. Aversive conditioning
b. Extinction
c. Positive reinforcement
d. Negative reinforcement
Topic Area: History and Systems
3. Philosophers who believe that truth can emerge from the careful use of reason are known as
a. Dualists
b. Nativists
c. Rationalists
d. Empiricists
4. __________ is often referred to as the ‘Father of Psychology,' after developing the first psychological research laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.
a. William James
b. Wilhem Wundt
c. John Watson
d. Joseph Wolpe
Topic Area: Statistical Reasoning
5. The most commonly used statistic in Psychology is
a. Mode
b. Criteria
c. Mean
d. Range
6. There are two branches of statistical methods. They are
a. Quadratic; Quantitative
b. Consumer; Quantum
c. Informal; Formal
d. Quantitative; Qualitative
Topic Area: Biological Foundations
7. In a topographical representation of the motor cortex, the homunculus is the largest area devoted to
a. arms and legs
b. the hands
c. the face
d. the tongue
8. In a simple genetic context, DNA makes RNA, which forms amino acids which form
a. cell bodies
b. proteins
c. alleles
d. your genotype
Topic Area: Motivation
9. What is motivation?
a. Motivation is based on sight and touch
b. Motivation excludes sound and emotions
c. Motivation is the activation of goal-oriented behavior and can be intrinsic or extrinsic
d. Motivation is the aversion to activity or exertion.
10. What theorist presents a hierarchy of needs and motivations?
a. Abraham Maslow
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Carl Jung
d. B.F. Skinner
Topic Area: Life Span
11. Which of the following would be a concern for a person during early adulthood?
a. Relationships
b. Civic responsibility
c. Midlife Crisis
d. Leisure-time activities
12. Consider the biological theories of aging. Which of the following best represent components of that theory?
a. Cellular Dial Theory
b. The Nun Theory
c. Attachment Theory
d. Hormonal Stress Theory
Topic Area: Learning and Cognition
13. In operant conditioning, which of the following is accurate?
a. Any response that is followed by a reinforcing stimulus tends to be repeated
b. Any response that is followed by punishment is likely to not be repeated
c. Any response that is followed by reward tends to become extinct
d. Any response that is preceded by a reinforcing stimulus tends to be repeated
14. Pavlovian conditioning includes several components for creating a conditioned response. These components are:
a. Unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response; conditioned recovery
b. Unconditioned response; conditioned stimulus; conditioned reflex
c. Unconditioned stimulus; conditioned stimulus; spontaneous recovery
d. Unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response; conditioned stimulus
Topic Area: Social
15. The child deals with mastering his or her physical environment while maintaining a sense of self-esteem. This stage defined by Erik Erikson involves the crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt.
a. Infant
b. Toddler
c. Preschooler
d. School-age child
16. The child begins to initiate, not imitate activities; develop a conscience, and experience a sexual identity. This stage defined by Erik Erikson involves the crisis of initiative versus guilt.
a. Infant
b. Toddler
c. Preschooler
d. School-age child
Topic Area: Theories of Personality
17. Which theorist is most associated with Social Learning Theory?
a. Carl Rogers
b. B.F. Skinner
c. Albert Bandura
d. Rollo May
18. What are the four major theoretical approaches to the study of personality?
a. Psychoticism, Humanism, Disposition, and Learning
b. Psychoanalysis, Humanistic, Dispositional, and Learning
c. Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Dispositional, and Learning
d. Freud, Maslow, Allport, and Bandura
Topic Area: Abnormal
19. Which of the following is one of the five subtypes of schizophrenia?
a. Delusional
b. Catatonic
c. Organized
d. Complex
20. Jill is obsessed with her physical appearance and often dresses in a provocative fashion. It is important for her to be the center of attention. She is prone to exaggerated emotional expression with much self-dramatization. Which personality disorder is Jill most likely suffering from?
a. Schizoid personality disorder
b. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
c. Histrionic personality disorder
d. Borderline personality disorder
Topic Area: Industrial/Organizational
21. The two psychologists credited with being the main founders of Industrial and Organizational Psychology are
a. Sherlin and Billingsly
b. Munsterberg and Scott
c. Freud and Jung
d. Hebb and Skinner
22. Work motivation theories are most concerned with
a. ability of the individual
b. persistence of the individual
c. attitude of the individual
d. reasons of the individual
Topic Area: Diversity and Cultural Factors
23. Cross-cultural psychology differs from general psychology in that
a. Cross-cultural psychology includes a search for possible universals in behavior and mental processes
b. General psychology understands that culture cannot affect a person's perception and intelligence
c. Cross-cultural psychology involves more aspects of human functioning, including dreams and visions
d. General psychology is the systematic study of only human experience and behavior.
24. Culture-bound syndromes refer to
a. Medical conditions found in geographic areas of the world
b. Cultural names for common conditions found around the world
c. Medical or psychic conditions limited to specific societies or cultural areas
d. Medical or psychic conditions that are influenced by cultural factors
Topic Area: Environmental
25. Environmental psychology can be defined as a behavioral science that investigates the interrelationships between
a. Physical environment and human behavior
b. Family dynamic and work behavior
c. Emotional motivations and human behavior
d. Biological causes of physiological disregard
26. The state that occurs when people are faced with demands from the environment that require them to change in some way can be defined as
a. Tolerance
b. Pollution
c. Stress
d. Transition
Topic Area: Test and Measurements
27. Reliability in testing refers to which of the following?
a. Stability of test scores
b. What the test is actually measuring
c. Academic achievement
d. Fairness
28. Validity in testing refers to which of the following?
a. Test scores are stable
b. The test is measuring what it set to measure
c. Different forms of the test can be used
d. Whether or not the test is available in different languages
Topic Area: Elements of Clinical
29. Most psychotherapists would describe themselves as being
a. Psychoanalytic
b. Cognitive
c. Behavioral
d. Eclectic
30. Which of the following historical events created a strong need for Clinical Psychology and brought it to the forefront as being an important field of study?
a. The Great Depression
b. The Civil War
c. The Vietnam War Draft
d. The World War II Draft