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General concepts of cell biology

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1) The two main classes of molecular switches include changes in phosphorylation state or changes in guanine nucleotide binding. In this regard, do you think that protein kinases and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) always turn proteins on (activate) and protein phosphatases and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) always turn them off?

2) You are studying P120, a protein of 120 KDa that is continuously synthesized in eukaryotic cells. Its cellular concentration, however, is maintained very low because P120 has a very short half-life of 1 minute. You observe that treating cells with Bortezomib, a drug that blocks the 26S proteasome activity, results in a rapid increase of the cytoplasmic concentration of P120. Based on this result, which hypothesis would you propose to explain the control of the half-life of P120?

3) You then observe that in Bortezomib-treated cells P120 displays a greater molecular mass than in untreated cells. Why?

4) Indicate at least two general concepts of cell biology that are exemplified by the Ras and NFkB pathways.

Reference no: EM132632976

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