Reference no: EM133368974

Assignment:

Question discussion answered: In a supine position, perform simultaneous hip and knee flexion. Note the amount of knee flexion obtained when the hip is flexed. Assume a prone position. Align the thigh in anatomical position. Slowly flex the knee of the same lower extremity you had moved when supine. Note the amount of knee flexion motion present now that the hip is extended.

1. Was the amount of knee flexion more, the same, or less with the hip extended compared to knee flexion with the hip flexed?

2. Was the result what you expected?

3. Is this an example of active or passive insufficiency?

4. Which muscle(s) was (were) being lengthened simultaneously over all the joints they crossed when you moved through knee flexion with the hip extended?

5. What other examples of this can you find/discuss?

Discussion 1. Hello all, I think both of you did a great job explaining the active and passive insufficiency as for my experiment this is what I found when responding the the questions.

1. The amount of knew flexion when the hip is flexed is less than when the hip is extended.
2. Yes the result was expected. The hip is flexed in the supine position, the knee is also flexed. For the prone position, the knee was not flexed.
3. Passive insufficiency occurred preventing full range of motion.
4. The hip stretched and knee bent, they were flexed causing the lengthening of the rectus femoris muscle.
5. Another example of passive insufficiency would be a seated leg curl. It has a posterior tilt of pelvis causing hamstring to be stretched across knee and hip.

Using compound movements can help a person avoid active insufficiency and making slight adjustments in passive insufficiency can reduce limiting factors.

Discussion 2.

I would like to start by defining active and passive insufficiency. Active insufficiency is the inability to contract a joint due to another joint already being contracted. Passive insufficiency is the inability to lengthen a joint because another joint is already fully lengthen, After performing the experiment myself here are the results I came up with.

1. The amount of knee flexion was shortened when the hip was flexed compared to when the hip was extended.
2. These results were as I expected because of the laws of passive insufficiency in these positions.
3. This was an example of passive insufficiency since the knee was unable fully lengthen due to the hip already being fully lengthened.
4. The hamstrings were lengthened and the rectus femoris muscle was as well.
5. Another example of this could be laying down in a prone position, extending your arms completely by your sides, and lifting them as far back in the air as possible.

Discussion 3. Good afternoon, everyone. I have chosen to expound on active and passive insufficiency. For this week's topic, we are discussing active and passive insufficiency and the base of stability. A quick recap of describing active and passive inefficiency will bring us up to speed. Active inefficiency is the act of two muscles simultaneously moving, but this movement reaches a point where it no longer creates tension ("Active and passive insufficiency," n.d.). An example is the shortening of the rectus femoris, which limits full hip flexion when the knee is fully extended.

On the other hand, passive inefficiency is when the antagonist is stretched to a position where it can no longer lengthen or allow movement. An example is maximal hip flexion, and the lengthening of the hamstrings limits maximal knee extension. Lastly, my responses to the following questions are listed below:

1. The amount of flexion was limited because the knee extends the hamstring.
2. When I began visualizing the movement, it became evident that there would be less flexion as soon as I got on the floor.
3. This movement is passive insufficiency.
4. My hamstrings were extended when I was supine, and the rectus femoris was developed when I was prone. So in supine, the hamstrings are used, and in flat, the rectus femoris.
5. Another example would be leg curls and calf raises, where you can have your feet on a platform or weight to allow more flexion.