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Experts in agricultural research and development (R&D) have determined that an investment program to develop an alternative pesticide technology that would achieve the productivity gains without causing the negative externalities would cost $50 million dollars and result in social benefits of $10 million dollars annually in perpetuity. The $50 million R&D investment program would be performed by a consortium of private firms. However, because of spillovers, the private benefits appropriated by the consortium would be only $3 million annually in perpetuity. The private and social required rates of return (hurdle rates) are the same and equal 10%.
a. Is the R&D investment program socially beneficial? Explain. Will the private sector undertake the R&D in the absence of public support? Explain.
b. Explain the design of a public policy that would subsidize the private performance of the R&D (to ensure that the research is done by the private sector) yet would minimize the public funds used.
These forecasts for the Internet creating “perfectly competitive” markets were based on the competitive model we have presented in this chapter. Do you think the Internet has helped create more competitive markets or less? Why?
If the nominal exchange rate were 1.2 Canadian dollars per U. S. dollar, illustrate what would be the real exchange rate.
Illustrate what is the euro-denominated return on Dutch deposits for this investor. What is the (riskless) euro-denominated return on British deposits for this investor using forward cover.
Illustrate what does the difference in the relative black-white wage ratios across regions indicate that Southern employers discriminated more than Northern employers.
The largest loan that the bank can make on the basis of the new deposit. If the bank chooses to hold reserves of $3,000 on the new deposit, what are the excess reserves on the deposit.
Verify all values and quantities computed in the discussion. Now suppose that intermediaries come from a competitive market with an equilibrium price of $8 per unit for their services,
I hereby offer you $5,001 if both you and my other creditor agree to cancel my debt. If either or both of you decline this offer, I will be legally in default and you will receive $5,000." So, what happens.
If deposit insurance were abolished, elucidate how would these change incentive structure facing deposit theory institutions.
Why might the U.S. have a comparative advantage in bioinformatics but not in manufacturing and steel making.
Calculate the equilibrium interest rate by setting the demand for central bank money equal to the supply of central bank money.
If other people exploit the same opportunity, what will happen to the cost in Thailand as well as in Malaysia.
Suppose that there are freezing temperatures in Florida. At the same time the press reports that drinking orange juice significantly reduces the risk of stomach cancer. Predict the effect on equilibrium price and quantity.
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