Reference no: EM132923187

Alteration in PBP: Modification of the PBP is a favored mechanism of resistance to Gram-positive bacteria, whereas production of β-lactamases is a mechanism for the development of resistance to Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of mutation in penicillin-binding protein leads to a reduced affinity to β-lactam antibiotics. The resistance of Enterococcus faecium to ampicillin and Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin is by this mechanism. Similarly, in Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance to methicillin and oxacillin is associated with integration of a mobile genetic element - "staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec" - into the chromosome of S.aureus that contains resistance gene mec A.[4,15,16] mec A gene encodes PBP2a protein, a new penicillin-binding protein, that is required to change a native staphylococcal PBP. PBP2a shows a high resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. S. aureus strains resistant to methicillin can be cross resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics, streptomycin, and tetracycline and in some cases to erythromycin

1.why is the statement Higher cost method for multiplication for artificial seeds a misleading statement?

2.explain the contributions cytoplasmic male sterility in overcoming Cybrid

3.what false information according to about applications of the somatic embryogenesis lead to the Continuous cell lines

4.connect the link between the Somatic embryogenesis and the asexual mode of embryo
Formation

5.explain to which part of the plant tissue will the Increase amount of auxin in callus culture be more pronounced?

6. Which does not act as a fusogen in protoplast fusion?elaborate

7.what are the basic contribution of the Cell suspension culture to the production of primary and secondary metabolites?

8. Embryo initiation is facilitated by?explain

9.in the relation of the water potential,rule out the assimilation potentila to be a basic parameter

10. Which type of solution has lower levels of solutes than the solution?