Reference no: EM1390435

Some of these i understand and some i do not. Could someone help me out.
Q1. Which of the following is considered the closest relative to HIV-1?
Chimp SIV,
Baboon SIV,
Green monkey SIV,
Polio,
HIV-2

Q2. Hooper hypothesized that HIV-1 first entered humans in which decade?
1920s
1930s
1940s
1950s
1960s

Q3. In Exercise 1 (Molecular Evolution), how would you describe the change in variation of the virus population after 1000 generations?
There is more variation after 1000 generations.
There is less variation after 1000 generations Amount of variation is about the same after 1000 generations.

Q4. In Exercise 3 (Diverging Lineages), you generated a best fit line for differences vs. generation. What was the slope of that line?
Positive
Negative
Flat
Unknown, because the line could not be generated.

Q5. Bette Korber created an evolutionary tree for HIV to infer the likely sequence of the last common ancestor for HIV and SIV. Which of the following genetic sequences did she use to construct her tree?
Recent SIV samples
Recent HIV samples
The first known HIV patient
The first known SIV primate

Q6. Which of the following evolutionary mechanisms is required to establish a molecular clock?
Migration
Natural selection
Mutation

Q7. In the lab you just completed, what does a steeper slope of the best-fit line of genetic differences versus generation indicate?
Fast infection rate of the virus.
Slow infection rate of the virus.
Rapid divergence between virion populations. Slow divergence between virion populations.

Q8. How would you expect selection against mutations to impact the slope of a best-fit line of genetic differences between two virion populations? The slope would:
Increase
Decrease
Stay the same

Q9. In the lab, you read about "non-adaptive" evolution. How is this distinguished from "adaptive" evolution?
Adaptive evolution requires variation and selection, whereas non-adaptive evolution does not. Adaptive evolution produces random change over time, whereas non-adaptive changes are non-random.
Adaptive evolution occurs only in the absence of non-adaptive evolution.

Q10. After taking samples of HIV RNA sequences from two infected patients, you plot nucleotide differences over 500 generations. You calculate a y-intercept of -5 and a slope of 0.02. How many generations before your study began do you estimate that the two virus populations first diverged?
25 generations
50 generations
100 generations
250 generations
Not enough information to determine