Reference no: EM131564452
Scenario:
Civil engineers need to provide with surveyors setting out points to facilitate the surveyors to produce co-ordinates of necessary survey points for subsequent construction. This is especially important for airport extension, infrastructure, highway and railway works which require straights and curves to be constructed at high precision.
Task 1.1 (P1.1)
Explain the procedures and instruments used for transfer of control points.
Task 1.2 (P1.2)
Describe with details how large horizontal curves for road construction can be produced.
Task 1.3 (P1.3)
Explain how to use electronic surveying instruments. One of the most important electronic surveying instruments is total station.
Scenario:
Civil engineers should also have basic knowledge about operation of site surveying instruments.
Task 2.1 (P2.1)
Describe how to set up and use site surveying instruments. Note that 'setting up' includes calibration before use.
Task 2.2 (P2.2)
Explain how to produce contoured plans and traverse surveys. Usually, a total station is sufficient, but how to use the total station to get the job done?
Task 2.3 (P2.3)
Explain how to set out horizontal and vertical controls and small radii horizontal curves.
Task 2.4 (P2.4)
Give the procedures about checking verticality of perpendicular members of construction frames.
Scenario:
Nowadays computer softwares benefit civil engineers by producing necessary survey data by pressing a button. These survey data can then be used for digital mapping purposes.
Task 3.1 (P3.1)
There are many computer softwares to facilitate site surveying works. What are the benefits of using computer softwares to solve typical surveying problems? Considering time, cost and accuracy, please give some examples.
Task 3.2 (P3.2)
Using the survey data generated from computer softwares, how to use such data for digital mapping databases?
Task 3.3 (P3.3)
Explain the use of GPS in construction and civil engineering works.
Scenario:
Civil engineers should have basic knowledge about using survey data to draw contours, sections; to calculate areas and volumes; to check quality of control traverses, etc.
Task 4.1 (P4.1) .
How to use raw survey data to determine contours and ground sections for an area of ground?
Task 4.2 (P4.2)
Give examples to illustrate calculation of areas and volumes of cut-and-fill using survey data. Usually, hand calculation is of sufficient accuracy for practical purposes.
Task 4.3 (P4.3)
Explain, with an example, how co-ordinate points within control traverse works can be corrected.
Errors can be evenly distributed in the traverse so that accuracy can be kept within allowable limits.
Task 4.4 (P4.4)
Explain how to determine setting out data for co-ordinated points.