Reference no: EM132738170

Explain how RNA differs from DNA.
Distinguish between transcription and translation.
Define codon and explain the relationship between the linear sequence of codons on mRNA and the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide.
Explain how RNA polymerase recognizes where transcription should begin. Describe the role of the promoter, the terminator, and the transcription unit.
Explain the general process of transcription, including the three major steps of initiation, elongation, and termination.
Explain how RNA is modified after transcription in eukaryotic cells.
Describe the structure and function of tRNA.
Describe the structure and functions of ribosomes.
Describe the process of translation (including initiation, elongation, and termination).
Given a sequence of DNA identified as representing the template strand, be able to show the product of transcription and the product of translation.
Define point mutations. Distinguish between base-pair substitutions and base-pair insertions. Give an example of each and note the significance of such changes.
Distinguish between a missense and a nonsense mutation.
Explain why an insertion or deletion is more likely to be harmful than a substitution.
Define the term mutation. Give an example of a physical and a chemical agent of mutation