Explain how ecf volume affects blood pressure

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Reference no: EM133347778

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Learning Objectives: pH & Fluid Balance

Understand what extracellular fluid (ECF) is; what intracellular fluid (ICF) is

Explain how ECF volume affects blood pressure

Explain how salt balance affects ECF volume

Explain how ECF osmolarity affects ICF volume; explain

what causes ECF hypertonicity
how ECF hypertonicity affects ICF volume
what causes ECF hypotonicity
how ECF hypotonicity affects ICF volume

Understand the usual sources of water gain and loss

Explain the role of the following, in the regulation of ECF volume:

hypothalamic osmoreceptors
Vasopressin
left atrial baroceptors

Explain what an acid is; explain the difference between strong & weak acids

Explain what a base is; explain the difference between strong & weak bases

Understand the relationship between [H+], [OH-], and pH

Be able to derive pH values, given a value for [H+] or [OH-]

Be able to derive values for [H+] or [OH-], given a value for pH

Explain what a buffer is, and how it counteracts acidity and/or basicity

Explain how (and where) the following buffer systems work:

carbonic acid-bicarbonate
Protein
Hemoglobin
phosphate

Explain the role of the respiratory system in pH regulation

Explain why the respiratory system can only partially compensate for low pH

Explain the role of the kidneys in pH regulation

Explain what causes

respiratory acidosis
metabolic acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic alkalosis

Reference no: EM133347778

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