Reference no: EM13273475
Consider a system of a single macromolecule (polymeric molecule) as a chain of M atoms connected by (M?1) bonds. The molecule sits in a bath of a liquid solvent of N particles with associated chemical potential ?, has length L and force at its ends, F. At fixed length, volume, number of solvent molecules, and entropy, the insertion of a new polymeric atom into the system changes internal energy by ??. At fixed number of polymer atoms M, volume, number of solvent molecules, and entropy, the work done on the system for marginal increase of length is FdL.
(a) What are the additional intensive?extensive conjugate variables of this system, in addition to the usual conjugate variables: P?V; S?T; N??. Fill in the other variables in the fundamental relation U(S,V,N,.....) and S(U,V,N,.....).
(b) Write the differential form of the energy and entropy representations of the fundamental equation. Identify the new intensive variables and how they relate to partial derivatives of the fundamental relations.
(c) Suppose you are performing a stretching experiment on the macromolecule. You are controlling the temperature, pressure, and length, and both the number of solvent and polymer molecules in the system are held fixed. What is the thermodynamic potential that is minimized under these conditions? If it is not one of the two fundamental ones (energy or entropy representation of fundamental equation), then identify it by the Legendre Transformation that defines it.
(d) You decide to repeat the experiment, this time switching to controlling the force on the molecule. What is the thermodynamic potential that is minimized, as defined by it Legendre Transformation? What are its natural variables? Write the differential form of this thermodynamic potential.
|
Logical data-base structure
: A report generator is used to. Which of the following is not a logical data-base structure?
|
|
What is the tangential deceleration of the bicycle
: A bicycle wheel of radius 0.70m is rolling without slipping on a horizontal surface with an angular speed of 4Pi rad/s, What is the tangential deceleration of the bicycle
|
|
Personal development plan
: How do you learn? What are the implications of the answer to this question to your university studies and what do you know now about studying at university that you did not know before? How did you learn it?
|
|
What is the mass of the pulley
: A massive pulley in the shape of a solid disk is mounted on an axle with negligible friction. What is the mass of the pulley
|
|
Explain entropy representations of the fundamental equation
: Write the differential form of the energy and entropy representations of the fundamental equation. Identify the new intensive variables and how they relate to partial derivatives of the fundamental relations.
|
|
network structure-Management Information system
: Which of the following is true of a network structure? The Management Information system (MIS) structure with one main computer system is called a
|
|
Remove a table from the database in SQL
: A large computer information system maintains many different computer files. Which amongst them is called a perpetual file? Which command is used to remove a table from the database in SQL?
|
|
How much of the third payment is interest
: How much of the third payment is interest? Do not enter the symbol $ in your answer. Simply enter the answer rounded off to two decimal points.
|
|
Database administrator's function
: Primitive operations common to all record management systems include. Which of the following is a database administrator's function?
|