Reference no: EM131704155

Discussion 1 :"Improving Parole" Please respond to the following:

• Examine two (2) characteristics attributed to the parole population. Determine whether the characteristics that you have reviewed are justifiable or based on stereotypes. Provide a rationale for your response.

• Choose two (2) challenges in parole, and provide one (1) recommendation for mitigating each. Support your recommendations with two (2) examples of instances where the suggested recommendations were successful.

Please also reply to the student

Jeannie Holland

Discussion 1

Improving Parole

Ethnic origin, education, and gender are the main defining and attributed features to the parole populace (Hanser, 2012). These characteristics are justifiable and are not based on any form of stereotype as they have been proven by recent research. In that, the parole population is mainly comprised of individuals with higher education because their integrity creates the will to change more easily than those that are not educated.

This is because it is believed that education is a force that elevates the need for change and a form of reflection on all the committed crimes. Unlike for those with low education educated persons have high potential to evaluate the benefits of change rather than vengeance (Hanser, 2012).

On the other hand, it is said that the highest populace is made of females who are willing to change and are, therefore, released before the expiration of the stated period. Ethnic origin does matter since those from the minority groups makes less of this populace based on the racial discrimination notion that tends to label several groups to be highly associated with crimes and thus they are not likely to be released on parole (Hanser, 2012).

There are several challenges associated with parole such as recidivism and the fact that it is challenging to establish whether the parolee will avenge (Vîlcica, 2016). A significant number of parolees have been involved in repeated crimes which are accounted as vengeance. In this context, the parole boards should be more professional and exposed to high and extensive training to be able to adequately evaluate the offenders (Vîlcica, 2016). In addition, practical trials can be implemented those that seek to determine the aim of the offenders. Such solutions, for example, have been effective mainly in juvenile prisons. In addition, the use of professional boards has been adopted in California in assessing probation offenders and it has lowered recidivism.

Discussion 2 : "Criminal Procedure" Please respond to the following:

• Imagine you are a judge on the Supreme Court of a nation. The country's trial-by-jury court procedure is currently under judicial review. The majority of the judges would like to implement an adversarial system. Debate two (2) reasons that maintaining a trial-by-jury court procedure is a better option for your country. Provide justification for your response.

• The United States offers those accused of committing a crime several rights. These rights consist of the right to counsel, the right to remain silent, the right to a trial by a jury, and the right to bail. If you were on trial for committing a crime, specify one (1) right you would be most willing to give up and the one (1) right you could not give up. Predict the impact that giving up your chosen right would have on the court proceedings.

Please also respond to the student

Stephanie Little

Discussion 2

Imagine you are a judge on the Supreme Court of a nation. The country's trial-by-jury court procedure is currently under judicial review.The majority of the judges would like to implement an adversarial system. Debate two (2) reasons that maintaining a trial-by-jury court procedure is a better option for your country. Provide justification for your response.

The adversarial system is a set of legal procedures used in Common law countries to determine the truth during adjudication whereby the prosecution and defense counsel compete against each other while the judge ensures fairness and adherence to the rules. Adversarial system seems to be a contest between both sides and they are trying to win and the jury decides who the winner is, while the judge decides whether it was a fair fight.

The accused is not obligated to cooperate with the government in a case, but the government may fail to disclose crucial elements of its case against the accused. This system does not seem very fair and work in their favor. Another problem is the wealth effect. The advantage is held by those who can afford to hire skilled attorneys and pay for investigators. With this system it seems if you can't afford an attorney you will struggle to win your case.

•The United States offers those accused of committing a crime several rights. These rights consist of the right to counsel, the right to remain silent, the right to a trial by a jury, and the right to bail. If you were on trial for committing a crime, specify one (1) right you would be most willing to give up and the one (1) right you could not give up. Predict the impact that giving up your chosen right would have on the court proceedings.

I would be willing to give up my right to counsel, especially if I committed a crime within where I live or the state of. I believe I have enough knowledge to be able to bring my evidence and know what needs to be presented in order to have the case go in my favor. I would not be willing to give up my right to remain silent. I would only be willing to speak about the case on my terms, and what exactly I want to say. If no one talks it is very hard to find someone guilty if no other evidence is brought to the table. There are several crimes committed every day that remain unsolved because everyone says they did not see anything or hear anything.