Reference no: EM133281671

Questions

1. A patient's anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis. The nurse would recognize the erythrocytes would be:

pale in color.

able to assume various shapes.

present in various sizes.

live only a few days.

2. A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency. Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?

Hemolytic

Pernicious

Sideroblastic

Iron deficiency

3. When a nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes:

hypochromic.

hyperchromic.

microcytic.

macrocytic.

4. A 5-year-old was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia. Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect the patient has?

Iron deficiency

Pernicious

Sideroblastic

Hemolytic

5. After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?

Increased viscosity of blood

Hyperdynamic circulatory state

Altered coagulation

Decreased cardiac output

6. A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect?

Peripheral vasoconstriction

Decreased oxygen release from hemoglobin

Decreased cardiac output

Movement of fluid into the cell

7. A 60-year-old patient diagnosed with emphysema experiences a rapid and pounding heart, dizziness, and fatigue with exertion. Which respiratory assessment findings indicate the respiratory system is compensating for the increased oxygen demand?

Bronchoconstriction

Dyspnea

Activation of the renin-angiotensin response

Increased rate and depth of breathing

8. A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic. The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:

normal.

low.

sporadic.

high.

9. A 45-year-old is diagnosed with macrocytic, normochromic anemia. The nurse suspects the most likely cause of this condition is:

abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin.

defective DNA synthesis.

blocked protein synthesis.

defective use of vitamin C.

Question 10

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia). The most likely cause is a decrease in:

intrinsic factor.

ferritin.

erythropoietin.

gastric enzymes.

11. A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers. Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron. These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?

Pernicious anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Aplastic anemia

Hemolytic anemia

12. Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?

A 64-year-old male with a history of duodenal ulcers

A 47-year-old male who had a gastrectomy procedure

A 3-year-old female who is a fussy eater

A 26-year-old female in the second trimester of her first pregnancy

13. A 65-year-old experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before her death. Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal:

heart failure.

liver hypoxia.

brain hypoxia.

kidney failure.

14. A 40-year-old male's history includes being a vegetarian and abusing alcohol. Which of the following factors put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia?

Being vegetarian

Gender

Age

Being alcoholic

15. A patient who demonstrates chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia. What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia?

Iron deficiency

Folate deficiency

Bone marrow failure

Vitamin B12 deficiency

16. A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit?

Spoon-shaped nails

Gait problems

Hyperactivity

Petechiae

17. A 21-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Her hematocrit is 32%. Which of the following treatments would the nurse expect to be prescribed for her?

A bone marrow transplant

Iron replacement

Splenectomy

No treatment is necessary

18. A 45-year-old male is diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia. When he asks what the most likely cause of this disease is, what is the nurse's best response?

Premature erythrocyte destruction and erythropoietin deficiency

Decreased levels of tissue iron with megaloblastic erythrocytes

Ineffective iron uptake and abnormal hemoglobin production

Misshapen erythrocytes with low hemoglobin

19. A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia. Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur?

Bronze-colored skin

Normochromic erythrocytes

Aplastic bone marrow

Decreased iron

20. Lab results showing high iron, bilirubin, and transferrin and low hemoglobin and hematocrit would support a diagnosis of which form of anemia?

Sideroblastic

Iron deficiency

Folate deficiency

Pernicious

21. Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies have on red blood cells?

They contain malformed hemoglobin molecules.

O2-carrying capacity is decreased.

They are unable to differentiate into erythrocytes.

Their life span is shorter.

22. Aplastic anemia is caused by:

iron deficiency.

stem cell deficiency.

excess levels of erythropoietin.

hemolysis.

23. A 57-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for red face, hands, feet, ears, and headache and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes, indicating:

hemosiderosis.

leukemia.

polycythemia vera (PV).

sideroblastic anemia.

24. A 67-year-old female is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Upon taking the history, the patient will most likely report:

hyperactivity.

chest pain.

a pale skin color.

decreased blood pressure.

25. A 68-year-old is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV). A nurse realizes the patient's symptoms are mainly the result of:

rapid blood flow to the major organs.

increased blood viscosity.

a decreased erythrocyte count.

vessel injury.

26. A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV). Which treatment should the nurse discuss with the patient?

Administration of packed red blood cells

Restoration of blood volume by plasma expanders

Therapeutic phlebotomy

Iron replacement therapy

27. A 70-year-old is brought to the emergency department, where he dies shortly thereafter. Autopsy reveals polycythemia vera (PV). His death was most likely the result of:

cerebral thrombosis.

acute renal failure.

acute leukemia.

sepsis.

28. When the nurse sees a diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis on the chart, the nurse knows this is a disorder of:

granulocytosis.

leukocytosis.

intravascular coagulation.

iron overload.