Reference no: EM133075791

ENG741 Engineering System Modelling and Simulation - Wrexham Glyndwr University

Assessment - Real-world Electrical/Electronic Engineering Design, Modelling and Simulation Challenges.

Learning outcome 1: Ability to apply advanced modelling and analysis to the solutions of practical and complex design problems.

Learning outcome 2: Ability to define the key stages associated with utilising design parameters in performing advanced modelling.

Learning outcome 3: Demonstrate proficiency in the use of and an ability to produce representative models with proprietary numerical computing and model-based design tools.

Problem 1

Background and Introduction

The UK had the global lead in industrialisation; currently, there is a strong positive push by the UK government and organisations to champion and pave the way for global sustainability via clean energy and energy management. A prima facie case of excellent energy management in the UK is to ensure energy efficiency in existing buildings, while new building constructions are equally checked to meet energy efficiency standards and/or regulations.

In the last budget year of a logistics company in Glasgow, it was discovered that the under-floor heating of the interior loading dock (depicted in Figure 1) was turned on from winter and remained on throughout the following summer. A case for oversight was made by the caretakers to avoid any penalties. They argued that the management of the logistics company deliberately isolated the under-floor heating of the loading dock from the main central heating system after a recommendation from the building services team. The dock's unique change in demand and change in ambient conditions warranted the isolation according to the building services team. The engineers had to be partly blamed for the huge energy bills accrued to the company due to this oversight. Now, the building services team of the company is currently looking for possible low-cost ways to avoid this oversight again, whilst still isolating the under-floor heating of the loading dock from the building's central heating system.

As an electrical/electronic engineer, design, analyse and discuss a model of a low-cost electrical/electronic engineering control system that can be employed to address this issue using a numerical computing and model-based design environment (MATLAB and Simulink). The input(s) and output(s) of the system must be clearly identified and any relations between the input(s) and output(s) must be established and/or determined. Figure 2 is provided as a GUIDE ONLY.

There must be a sound scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical justification for all decisions. All assumptions must be tractable and clearly stated. All data and information sources must be properly cited and/or referenced.

Problem 2

Background and Introduction

As a part of its 2030 agenda, the World Bank is working strategically to actualise the full implementation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). One of the key SDGs is clean water and sanitation. It is a very vital practice to characterize water bodies by measuring the pH (power of hydrogen) and the electrical conductivity (EC). pH is a measure of the acidity of the water on its hydrogen ion concentration, while EC is a measurement of the dissolved material in an aqueous solution (water in this case). EC of water relates to the ability of water to conduct electrical current through it and it is measured in Siemens per unit length (e.g. S/m). The higher the dissolved material in a water body, the higher the EC will be in that water body.This makes the design and development of accurate and reliable pH and EC meters vital for ensuring clean water and sanitation, which is a key SDG.

EC and pH meters make use of sensor probes for instrumentation. These sensor probes must be calibrated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of EC and pH data readings. One of the challenges of calibrating EC and pH sensor probes is that when they are dipped in non-conductive bodies, they give accurate values, but for real scenarios such as dipping the probes into cool water, which is a conductive body, abrupt variations in the EC values of water are often observed.

Using a numerical computing and model-based design environment (MATLAB and Simulink), propose, design, analyse, and discuss a model of an electrical/electronic engineering system that can be used to smoothen noisy data coming from the EC measurements of a tap water supply system (illustrated in Figure3) suspected to be polluted by salt sediments. Test and prove the practicality of your model by using real-world data. The data set can be synthetic (i.e., generated by following some rules of thumb), but they must be within acceptable values (considering real-world scenarios). For example, typically, the EC of salty water such as ocean waters is about 5 mS per unit length and the EC of tap water can range from 50μSper unit length to 2000 μS per unit length.

There must be a sound scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical justification for all decisions. All assumptions must be tractable and clearly stated. All data and information sources must be properly cited and/or referenced.

Problem 3

Background and Introduction

In its basic form, a bimetallic strip is a transducer that converts a temperature change or gradient (heat energy) into mechanical displacement (mechanical energy). It usually consists of two strips of different materials or metals which expand at different rates when heated owing to different coefficients of expansion. Some common configurations include, but are not limited to steel and copper, and,steeland brass.

In a bimetallic strip, the strips are usually of equal dimensions and are joined throughout their length by riveting, brazing, or welding. When heated the bimetallic strip bends in a particular way, and it bends in the opposite direction if cooled below its initial temperature. It is good to note that the metal with the higher coefficient of thermal expansion is on the outer side of the curve when the strip is heated and on the inner side when it is cooled as shown in Figure 4 (a configuration for brass and steel).

Analytically, the curvature k of the bimetallic strip is related to its material properties and dimensions as follows [1]:

k= (6E₁E₂ (h₁+ h₂)h₁h₂ ?)/(E₁² h₁⁴ +4E₁E₂h₁³h₂ + 6E₁E₂h₁²h₂² + 4E₁E₂h₂³h₁ + E₂²h₂⁴ ) (1)

where E₁ and h₁ are the Young's modulus and height (thickness) of material or metal one, respectively, and E₂ and h₂ are the Young's modulus and height (thickness) of material or metal two, respectively.
∈ is the misfit strain evaluated as follows:
∈ = (α₁ - α₂ )ΔT
where α₁ is the coefficient of thermal expansion of material or metal one, α₂ is the coefficient of thermal expansion of material or metal two and ΔT is the current or final temperature minus the reference or initial temperature (the temperature where the beam has no flexure).

At thermal equilibrium, the resulting curvature,k, (reciprocal of the radius of curvature) is related to the displacement, >δ, and the distance, x, along the strip at which the displacement is being measured by the relationship [1]:

k= (2 sin[tan^-1 (δ⁄x) ])/√((x² + δ² ) ) (2)

Investigate, design, and model a bimetallic strip using an appropriate CAD tool (ANSYS Workbench) for use in a typical electrical/electronic engineering system of your choice. At the very least, your work must include or reveal the following design specifications and/or functional requirements (there must be sound scientific and engineering justification for all decisions):

1. Geometry and dimensions of the bimetallic strip
2. Engineering data and material composition of the bimetallic strip and its riveting. Note that the riveting or welding or adhesive between the two strops must be clearly accounted for (even if it is assumed to be perfect and/or negligible in your model).
3. Analysis of the bimetallic strip under various temperature conditions.
4. Comparison of simulation resultswith analytical results using applicable standard relations. That is, a comparison between the analytical value of k in equation (1) and its derived value in equation (2) based on results from your simulations.
5. Real-world contextual electrical/electronic engineering application(s) for the design and model of the bimetallic strip.

Advanced or Optional Requirements

Studying the bimetallic strip under various geometrical profiles and material properties by interfacing your CAD tool with a numerical analysis and computing tool (e.g. MATLAB) to vary geometric values and material properties.

Extraction and comparison of results for various geometrical designs and material properties by interfacing your CAD tool with a numerical analysis and computing tool (e.g. MATLAB).

There must be a sound scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical justification for all decisions. All assumptions must be tractable and clearly stated. All data and information sources must be properly cited and/or referenced.

Note: All figures are attached in file

Attachment:- Engineering System Modelling and Simulation.rar