Reference no: EM133517704

Question

1. Why is immigration and/or emigration important in population biology?

a. because it can shift gene frequencies in a population

b. because it can alter a population's size and thus resource demands

c. because it was assumed to be going on for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

d. because it is an essential piece of exponential and logistic growth equations

e. answers a and b above

2. A practical lesson to be gained from studies of competition and predation is that

a. exotic, invasive species can be brought under control with the careful introduction of selected other species

b. food webs can be manipulated to modify environmental conditions

c. management of single species (e.g., endangered species) must account for effects of other species

d. the effects of crop pests and their control can be more fully managed without relying solely on pesticides

e. all of the above

3. The Red Queen hypothesis is popular in ecology because it explains well the

a. interaction between two chess pieces, which is a metaphor for sexual selection among related species

b. evolutionary arms race between trees and fish, where trees take up nutrients released by dying salmon

c. evolution of spider web shapes in forests compared to those in grasslands

d. effect of parasites on host population sizes and therefore effects on competitor species

e. evolutionary arms race between parasites and hosts

4. Which of the following is good evidence that parasites and pathogens have been important in evolution? a. external defense mechanisms by hosts (shells, fur, spines, toxins, etc.)

b. internal defense mechanisms by hosts (immune systems, cyst enclosures, galls, etc.)

c. complex life cycles by hosts, including intermediate hosts and multiple life stages

d. reduced anatomical complexity of internal parasites (e.g., tapeworms, trematodes, etc.)

e. all of the above are good evidence.