Elements and requirements of the work health and safety

Reference no: EM133650546

Apply safe design principles to control WHS risks

Assessment Task 1: Knowledge Test

Question 1
Answer the following questions.
a. What are the key elements and requirements of the Work Health and Safety (WHS) laws in Australia, and what responsibilities does a business have under these laws?

b. Write the Safe Work Australia codes of practice and guidance information that relate to safe design.

c. What are the requirements for managing WHS risks?

d. Write down the steps for implementing controls at each life-cycle stage of a product

e. Describe the requirements relating to consultation processes in WHS.

f. Explain the legislative duties of persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs) or officers who are designers or are responsible for safe design processes.

Question 2

Explain the below factors involved in selecting WHS risk controls for product design.

Ensuring that level and reliability of risk control is commensurate with likelihood and impact of risk

Impact on safety of alterations to product during its life

Minimising impact of possible failure or defect by ensuring controls include fail-safe action

Question 3
Answer the following questions.
a. List and briefly explain any five (5) WHS principles that apply to product design
1. Explain the purpose of choosing right materials, systems and technology for product design.

Question 4
Answer the following questions.
a. Write any three (3) internal and external sources of WHS information and data.
b. Explain the procedures for accessing internal and external sources of WHS information and data.

Question 5
Explain the below-listed factors affecting safe design.

Question 6
Explain the impact of human cognitive and perceptual capabilities on safe design of products.

Question 7
Answer the following questions.
a. Describe the principles of anthropometry related to safe design principles to control WHS risks.
b. Explain the principles of biomechanics related to safe design principles to control WHS risks.

Question 8
Answer the following questions.
a. How are communication and consultation processes utilized to inform risk identification, assessment, treatment, monitoring, reporting, and review within the workplace? and provide examples of WHS consultation and communication processes that can be implemented in an organization to ensure effective sharing of information and involvement of workers in matters related to work health and safety?

a. What are the key personnel involved in WHS communication and how do they contribute to achieving WHS goals?

Question 9
Answer the following questions.
a. Explain the hierarchy of control measures.

b. What are the criteria for choosing different WHS risk controls and how do they guide the selection process?

Question 10
Answer the following questions.
a. What are some examples of key personnel roles within a workplace management structure, and what are their respective responsibilities and contributions to the organization?

b. What is the role and responsibilities of a change agent in an organization during a transformation process?

Question 11
What are the legal liabilities associated with providing advice in relation to health and safety under Australian WHS laws?

Question 12
How does behaviour and organizational culture impact workplace health and safety (WHS) and the process of change within an organization?

Question 13
Answer the following questions.
a. What are the key phases and responsibilities involved in WHS risk management, including design work, to ensure a safe workplace and comply with workplace health and safety policies and procedures?

a. What are the principles and practices involved in implementing a systematic approach to WHS (Work Health and Safety), including hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control, and control measure review?

Assessment Task 2: Project And Roleplay

Company Overview
West Civil Construction (WCC) is a premier earthmoving and excavation specialist based in WA's Great Southern region. The operations of the West Civil Construction (WCC) include:
• Civil construction
• Materials processing
• Heavy haulage
• Plant hire
• Vegetation management.
Currently WCC operates a workforce of over 40 people in roles that include:
• Management
• Plant operators
• Office personnel
• Mechanics and
• Site and plant supervisors.
Our company is dedicated to providing excellent customer service and high-quality workmanship. WCC values all of its customers, so you will receive the same level of service regardless of the size of the project.
WCC adheres to a straightforward but binding philosophy. It's a promise to all of our current and prospective customers. "We safely deliver what we promise." We accomplish this by constantly striving for excellence in workmanship and service, and we aspire to set a standard that defines the industry benchmark.
Our People
WCC has established a comprehensive recruitment process to ensure we employ the best people available, with a strong desire to become the civil employer of choice in the region. This is supported by our structured induction and training programmes, ongoing supervision, mentoring, and the development of a diverse culture that ensures we always meet the high service standards we set for ourselves.
Our Equipment
We are extremely proud of our fleet of modern, well-maintained, and high-quality vehicles. It enables employees to work more efficiently and effectively, reduces downtime, and enables us to provide superior results to our customers.
Safety
Everything we do at WCC is based on our unwavering commitment to the health and safety of every person on every worksite we manage. Through the implementation of stringent Australian standards for health and safety, environmental, and quality management systems, management and staff strictly adhere to safety compliance. These systems ensure that we consistently provide a high level of service that is also safe and environmentally friendly. Our systems also serve as a foundation for ongoing self-evaluation and improvement.
Services
West Civil Construction (WCC) is a modern business built on strong family values. PCC has expanded its services beyond earthmoving to include civil construction, material processing, plant hire, and vegetation management.
PCC has begun a journey of adopting world's best practise by implementing an Integrated Management System to ensure we remain true to our principle of "We deliver what we promise safely." This system is compliant with and adheres to ISO9001 for Quality Assurance, ISO 45001 for Safety, and ISO14001 for Environment, all of which have been accredited by SAI Global.
With processes and procedures in place, PCC strives for continuous improvement by implementing the highest standard of health and safety practices on every PCC worksite.

Safe design approach used by WCC
Identify hazards
Identify the hazards relating to all stages of the product - such as hazardous manual handling or violence and aggression.
Assess the risk
Assess the likelihood of the hazard causing harm to people.
Eliminate or control the risk
Implement effective control measures to eliminate the risk, or if this is not possible, reduce the risk of harm to an acceptable level. For example, overhead tracking, noise reduction, machine guarding.
Review
Review the effectiveness of the controls to ensure they are working to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
Principles of safe design
The five principles that impact on achieving a safe design are described below.
Principle 1: Persons with control
The people who make decisions should be competent and understand that their decisions will affect the design of products, facilities or processes, which means they can promote health and safety at the source.
Principle 2: Product life cycle
Safe design applies to every stage in the life cycle from conception through to disposal. It involves eliminating hazards or minimising risks as early in the life cycle as possible.
Principle 3: Systematic risk management
The consistent application of hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control processes is required to achieve safe design.
Principle 4: Safe design knowledge and capability
Should be either demonstrated or acquired by persons with control over design.
Principle 5: Information transfer
Effective communication and documentation of design and risk control information between all persons involved in the phases of the life cycle is essential for the safe design approach.
The safe design principles will be applicable to the following stages of the product's life cycle:
• Procurement
• Installation
• Operation
• Disposal
‘Safe design' refers to a process defined as the integration of hazard identification and risk assessment methods to eliminate or minimise the risk of injury throughout the life cycle of plant, tool or equipment being designed.

New equipment to be introduced into the workplace
West Civil Construction (WCC) wants to introduce two new equipment:
• A micro trencher for excavating narrow trenches, usually in urban areas. Widths range from 30-130 mm (1.2-5.1 in), with depths of 500 mm (20 in) or less.
The reduced trench size means that there is a reduction in the volume of excavated waste material, and disturbance can be minimised.
West Civil Construction (WCC) need to be radio-controlled and will be used for road maintenance and to gain access to utilities under the road surface.
• West Civil Construction (WCC) also plans to introduce a vacuum excavator into their equipment fleet. A vacuum excavator is a machine that uses suction to remove soil and debris, providing a non-destructive method of excavation. It is commonly used to locate and expose underground utilities, such as pipes and cables, without causing damage.
The vacuum excavator will be beneficial for WCC in several ways. It allows for precise and controlled excavation, reducing the risk of damaging underground infrastructure. The equipment can also efficiently remove spoil material, minimizing disruption and waste. Additionally, the vacuum excavator promotes safety by reducing the likelihood of accidents related to traditional excavation methods, such as accidental strikes on utility lines.
Advise on consultation with known and/or potential users of the product
Based on the organisational policies and procedures, the following stakeholders need to be consulted during the design phase:
• Supplier
• Operator
A report will be generated by the above stakeholders to advise on WHS risk in a product's life cycle.
Organisational processes and procedures to facilitate involvement of technical experts
Technical advice must be obtained on the following matters:
• Consultation arrangements required throughout the project life cycle.
• Communicating residual WHS risks in product.

Scenario
You are working as Chief Health and Safety Officer in West Civil Construction (WCC).
Management of the West Civil Construction (WCC) wants you to eliminate or minimise hazards and their associated risks before introducing micro trencher and vacuum excavator in the workplace.
As part of your job role to eliminate or minimise hazards and their associated risks before introducing micro trencher and vacuum excavator in the workplace, you will have the following responsibilities:
• Inform decision-makers of their obligations under WHS laws to manage WHS risks throughout the life cycle of a product.
• Gather and make available to decision-makers the most up-to-date information and data on WHS principles, materials, technology, and systems applicable to product design.
• Provide advice on methods and tools to aid in WHS hazard identification and risk assessment throughout a product's life cycle.
• Determine and address decision-makers' learning and development needs in order to manage WHS risks that may arise during a product's life cycle, including during the design phase.
• Advise on product consultation with known and/or potential users during the design phase, in accordance with organisational policies and procedures.
• Recognise situations in which specialist and other advisers may be required to assist with safe design activities.
• Based on the hierarchy of control measures, provide advice on the selection and implementation of required WHS risk controls in design.
• Provide guidance on the documentation requirements for decision-making during the risk assessment process.
• Advise on the creation of a residual WHS risk register and the dissemination of this information to those involved in the downstream or subsequent stages of the product life-cycle.
• Advise on how to monitor the design as it evolves in order to identify and manage potential WHS hazards that may arise during the product's life cycle, as well as the risks associated with them.
• Identify and address decision-makers' learning and development needs in relation to managing design-related WHS risks throughout a product's life cycle.
• Assist decision-makers in taking into account the needs of those who use or interact with the product throughout its life cycle.
• Facilitate the participation of technical experts as required by organisational processes and procedures.
• Advise on consultation arrangements with required personnel throughout all phases of the design process to identify WHS hazards and control WHS risks that may occur throughout the life cycle of a product.
• Provide guidance on communicating residual WHS risks in a product to those who will use or interact with it throughout its life cycle.
• Advise purchasing and contractual decision-makers to include requirements to identify WHS hazards and control WHS risks, as well as to provide information and data on residual WHS risks, as part of the procurement process.
• Suggest that a requirement to use a safe design approach be included in the design brief or draught specifications.

TASK 1: PROVIDE WHS ADVICE IN RELATION TO DEVELOPING A SYSTEMATIC WHS RISK-MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO SAFE DESIGN

This task requires you to provide WHS advice in relation to developing a systematic WHS risk-management approach to safe design.

‘Safe design' refers to a process defined as the integration of hazard identification and risk assessment methods to eliminate or minimise the risk of injury throughout the life cycle of the plant, tool or equipment being designed.
Typical design stages include:
• Procurement
• Installation
• Operation
• Disposal

• Using the Task 1 Duties Template below identify the duties of the following decision makers under WHS laws to manage WHS risks throughout both the products (Micro Trencher andVacuum Excavator)life cycles.
- Users of the product
- PCBU
- Workers
This is a role-play task (a).
• Advise the following decision-makersof their duties under WHS laws to manage WHS risks throughout both the products' life cycles.Discuss the duties of the following stakeholders under WHS laws and ensure they are clear in their duties.
- PCBU
- Workers
• Gather and make available to decision-makers the most up-to-date information and data on WHS principles, materials, technology, and systems applicable to both products design. To complete this task:
- Conduct research using the internet
- Source the following information related to the safe design of the plant and document using Task 1 Information Template:
o Information and data on WHS principles applicable to safe design
o Information and data on materials, technology, and systems applicable to product design
• Identify WHS risks that may arise during both the products' life cycles, including design-related WHS risks in a product's life cycle and document usingTask 1 WHS Risks Template.
• Collate advise on the following aspects in relation to developing a systematic WHS risk-management approach to safe design usingTask 1 Advise Template.
- Selection and implementation of required WHS risk controls in design, based on the hierarchy of control measures.
- Documentation requirements relating to decision-making during the risk assessment process
- Creation of a residual WHS risk register and the dissemination of this information to those involved in the downstream or subsequent stages of both the products' life-cycles.
- Steps to monitor the design as it evolves in order to identify and manage potential WHS hazards that may arise during both the product's life cycle, as well as the risks associated with them.
This is a role-play task (b).
• Present advice collated above usingTask 1 Advise Templateto the following stakeholder by chairing a meeting:
- Users of the products/plans
- PCBU
Before the meeting, you must:
• Create a meeting agenda using the Task 1 Meeting Agenda Template.
• E-mail the meeting agenda to the meeting participants and request confirmation for the meeting using the Task 1 Email Template.
During the meeting, you must:
• Welcome the participants
• Discuss the advice regarding the WHS risk-management approach to safe design collated in Task 1 Advise Template.
• Clarify the understanding of the participants.
After the meeting, you must:
• Summarise the agreed outcomes using the Task 1 Meeting Minutes Templateprovided.
• Identify situations where specialist and other advisers may be required to support safe design activities and document usingTask 1 Advisors Requirement Template
This is a role-play task (c).
• Identify and address learning and development needs of the decision-makers to manage design-related WHS risks in a products life cycles, including during its design phase.
- Conduct a discussion session with the following decision-makers (Two (2) users of the product).
- Consult them, identify the learning and development needs of the decision-makers to manage design-related WHS risks in a product's life cycle and document using Task 1 Learning and Development Needs Template
- Provide guidance and address and development needs of the decision-makers to manage design-related WHS risks.
- Further, document the steps implemented to address learning and development needs using Task 1 Learning and Development Needs Template

TASK 2: PROVIDE WHS ADVICE IN RELATION TO CONSULTATION PROCESSES RELATING TO SAFE DESIGN IN A PRODUCT'S LIFE CYCLE

This task requires you to provide WHS advice in relation to consultation processes relating to safe design in the products life cycles.
To complete the task, you must:
• Support decision-makers in considering the needs of those using or interacting with the products(micro trencher and vacuum excavator) throughout their life cycle.Document the needs of those using or interacting with products throughout its life cycles using Task 2 Needs Template.
• Facilitate involvement of technical experts as required according to organisational processes and procedures.
- Gather reports from technical experts consulted about WHS risk in the products (micro trencher and vacuum excavator) life cycles by sending them an email using the Task 2 Email Template and requesting their formal report/s summarizing their findings, observations, and recommendations regarding WHS risks in the products' life cycles.
Note: For the purpose of Assessment the formal reports are provided separately.
- Gather information based on the organisational processes and procedures given in the company overview and incorporate them in the next step.
This is a role-play task.
• Conduct a consultation meeting with required personnel during all phases of design process to identify WHS hazards and control WHS risks that may occur throughout the products life cycles.
• Communicating residual WHS risksin products to those who will use or interact with the products throughout its life cycles through a memo by using Task 2 Memo Template.

TASK 3: PROVIDE WHS ADVICE IN RELATION TO PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS TO MINIMISE ‘PURCHASED' WHS HAZARDS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED RISKS

This task requires you toprovide WHS advice in relation to procurement systems to minimise ‘purchased' WHS hazards and their associated risks.
To complete the task, you must:
• Collate advise on the following aspects of procurement systems to minimise ‘purchased' WHS hazards and their associated risks usingTask 3 Advise Template.
- Requirements to identify WHS hazards and control WHS risks, and to provide information and data on residual WHS risks as part of procurement process.
- Including a requirement to carry out a safe design approach in the design brief or draft specifications.
• Present advice collated in above using Task 3 Advise Template to the following stakeholder by chairing a meeting:
- Procurement Manager
- General Manager
Before the meeting, you must:
• Create a meeting agenda using the Task 3 Meeting Agenda Template.
• E-mail the meeting agenda to the meeting participants and request confirmation for the meeting using the Task 3 Email Template.
During the meeting, you must:
• Welcome the participants
• Conduct the meeting.
• Discuss the advice regarding the procurement systems in Task3Advise Template.
• Clarify the understanding of the participants.
After the meeting, you must:
• Summarise the agreed outcomes using the Task 3 Meeting Minutes Template provided.

Reference no: EM133650546

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