Reference no: EM133270804

Question: The Tuskegee Study is widely recognized as one of the most egregious ethical violations in the history of public health. The study began in 1932 and lasted for 40 yearsIts original intent was to understand more about the natural progression of syphilis before any treatment was known. The researchers enrolled rural, African American men but intentionally did not tell them about the purpose of the study. Participants found to have syphilis were not told of their diagnosis . Penicillin was discovered as a treatment in 1947, but knowledge of this breakthrough and the treatment was withheld from participants . Dozens of men died without access to this cure. Moreover , because the men were not informed of their disease and were not provided treatment , they continued to put their families at risk of transmission It was not until 1972 that a journalist broke the story . A panel of health experts was convened to investigate the study and found it was "ethically unjustified " because the men were not informed of the purpose of the study , their diagnoses , and treatment options . The settlement of a civil lawsuit gave participants and their families over $9 million . The revelations about the study led to the establishment of the Belmont Report " in 1979 , which summarized ethical principles and guidelines for research that involves human subjects , and the Office for Human Research Protections . In 1996, President Bill Clinton was the first president to acknowledge and apologize publicly for the gross maltreatment of the men in the study. The unfortunate legacy of Tuskegee lives on today, with lingering and understandable mistrust by some in the African American community about public health research and medicine.

Read "The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment" What were the ethical issues associated with this experiment? Do people think this experiment along with other violation of human rights, have had an impact on the trust people in those communities have in medical professionals?

Do people think a comprehensive sexual education program should be mandated in all public-school systems? Explain why or why not thinking about the sex education you received in school.

reading the section on "Sex and Politics", do people feel federal and state governments should be involved in enacting policies related to sexual education in schools, access to reproductive healthcare, and abortion. Why or why not?

The NYC public health campaign was implemented as a way to try to prevent unwanted teenage pregnancy. Do you feel the feel the way this campaign was presented was effective in achieving this goal? Explain why or why not.

reading the Axios article, where people surprised that the rate of STD's is once again on the rise in the U.S.? Explain why or why not referencing what you read in the article.