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HI5019 Strategic Information Systems for Business and Enterprise - Holmes Institute

Assessment - Analysing an Accounting Information System

LO 1: Critically evaluate the purpose and role of accounting information systems in today's business environment.

LO 2: Articulate the various transaction cycles, financial reporting, management reporting systems and ecommerce systems to technical and non-technical stakeholders.

LO3: Appraise the risks inherent in computer-based systems/ERP, including the role of ethics and the various internal control processes that need to be in place.

ASSIGNMENT DETAILS

The Revenue Cycle of XYZ Limited.

After finishing your Master of Professional Accounting, you started your accounting consultancy in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. You got a high distinction in HI5019 Strategic Information System and preferred to analyse the business processes, risks and internal controls. XYZ is one of your clients, and the CEO of XYZ is delighted with your services.1 The head of the accounting department is concerned about their revenue cycle. Therefore, he has recently contacted you to evaluate their revenue cycle. During the initial meeting, you elaborate him that conceptually, the revenue cycle is a recurring set of business activities and related data processing operations associated with providing goods and services to customers and collecting their cash payments. This definition reveals that the revenue cycle can be categorised into (1) sales order processing procedures (SOPP), and (2) cash receipts procedures (CRP). The SOPP and CRP of XYZ are elaborated below. Therefore, you requested the head of the accounting department to describe the SOPP and the CRP of XYZ Limited separately. This description is given below.

SOPP of XYZ Limited
The sales department receives the unstandardised sales order since customer orders are mailed, e-mailed or faxed to the sales department. The sales clerk first converts the unstandardised sales order into the standardised sales order. For this purpose, the sales representative requests the missing information, if any. When the order is received, the sales clerk checks the customer's creditworthiness of the customer from his computer terminal. Three years ago, the sales clerk requested the accounting department to provide him with a list of customers whose account receivables are written off. The sales clerk is still using this information to check the creditworthiness of the customers. The sales clerk is using the same procedure to check the creditworthiness of the new customers.

The customer's order is rejected if the customer's credit is not verified. The sales order processing is started after the credit verification. In particular, the sales clerk records the approved standardised sales order in the sales order system through his computer terminal. A digital copy of the order is distributed to the warehouse and the shipping department terminals for further processing. The computer system automatically records the sale in the sales journal. The clerk reviews this entry and files the hard copy of the customer order in the sales department.

As indicated above, the receipt of the digital sales order prompts on the computer terminal of the warehouse manager. Further, the stock release and the shipping notice are also accessible at the warehouse terminal. For further processing, the warehouse manager prints out the sales order, the stock release, and the shipping notice. Using the stock release copy, a warehouse clerk picks the selected items from the shelves and sends them to the shipping department along with the stock release and the shipping notice. The warehouse manager then updates the inventory subsidiary ledger and the general ledger control account from his computer terminal.

The shipping clerk receives the physical stock, the stock release, and the shipping notice from the warehouse manager. The shipping clerk matches them to the corresponding digital sales order displayed on his terminal. If everything matches, he prints out three hard copies of the bill of lading and a packing slip. The shipping clerk sends two copies of the bill of lading and the packing slip, along with the goods, to the carrier. The stock release copy and the shipping notice are sent to the accounts receivable department. The third bill of lading copy is filed in the shipping department.

Account receivable clerk receives the stock release and shipping notice from the shipping clerk. Then, the accounts receivable clerk manually creates a hard-copy invoice, which is immediately mailed to the customer. After mailing the invoice, the clerk uses information on the stock release to update the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger and general ledger from his computer terminal. After the records are updated, the clerk files the stock release and shipping notice in the accounts receivable department. Sometimes, the account receivable clerk reconciles the quantities from the sales order and adjusts the account receivables.

CRP of XYZ Limited
The payments of customers come directly to the general mailroom along with other mail items. The mail clerk performs the following tasks:

• Sorts the mail,
• Opens the customer payment envelope,
• Removes the customer's check and remittance advice, and
• Reconciles the two documents.

To control the checks and remittance advices, the clerk manually prepares two hard copies of a remittance list. He sends one copy to the accounts receivable department, along with the corresponding remittance advices. The other copy of the remittance list accompanies the checks to the cash receipts department. Once the checks and remittance list arrive in the cash receipts department, the treasurer performs the following tasks:

• Reconciles the documents,
• Endorses the checks,
• Manually prepares three hard copies of a deposit slip,
• Updates the cash receipts journal and the general ledger from his computer terminal,
• Sends the checks and two copies of the deposit slip to the bank, and
• Files the third copy of the deposit slip and the remittance in the department.

The accounts receivable clerk receives the remittance list and remittance advice from the mailroom and reconciles these two documents. He then updates the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger and the general ledger. Then, account receivable files the two documents in the department.

Required
Based on the above information, prepare a report for the CEO of XYZ Limited to evaluate their revenue cycle. In your report, you need to include the following items:

1. The CEO asks you to start the report from five general risks involved in the revenue cycle of any business. Further, indicate the physical and IT control against each risk.

2. Describe potential internal control weaknesses in the sales order processing procedures and cash receipts procedures of XYZ Limited.

3. Discuss the potential risks associated with the internal control weaknesses identified in Section (2) above.

4. Based on Section (3) above, what types are frauds are possible. Hint: we have discussed different types of frauds in the interactive tutorial and lectures. Your discussion should be based on these contents.

Attachment:- Accounting Information System.rar