Reference no: EM131113561

Part A-

Question 1. In colonial days, the ________ was assumed to be the source of youths' problems and the primary means of social control of juveniles.
school.
community.
peer group.
family.

Question 2.Early Houses of Refuge were run using a:
punishment and penitence model.
deterrence model.
rehabilitation model.
family model.

Question 3.In colonial times, youths were punished by:
their families.
magistrates.
sheriffs.
watchmen.

Question 4.The liberal agenda of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized:
the reduced use of training schools.
the support of traditional concepts in juvenile justice.
the diversion of minor offenders out of the system.
A and C above.

Question 5.The Uniform Crime Reports are compiled by the:
National Opinion Research Center.
International Association of Chiefs of Police.
Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Bureau of Justice Statistics.

Question 6.Robbery, rape, auto theft, and murder are examples of:
Part I offenses.
misdemeanors.
mala prohibita offenses.
Part II offenses.

Question 7.Which one of the following statements is correct?
Violent crime rates dropped from 1995 through 1999.
Drug use among juveniles has been decreasing since 1992.
Juvenile arrest rates climbed nearly 50 percent over the past 10 years.
Female crime rates dropped between 1993 and 1994.

Question 8.Juvenile court data is broken down into categories by all of the following except:
race.
sex.
age.
social class.

Question 9.Freudian theory agrees that:
delinquent behavior may be the result of a defective superego.
delinquent behavior is related to neurotic development in the personality.
violent behavior may be the result of an overly developed superego.
all of the above.

Question 10.Theories that examine the interactions between people and their environments are called:
social structure.
social process.
social conflict.
power conflict.

Question 11.The Progressive era ran from approximately:
1975-2000.
the end of World War II to 1975.
1890-1920.
1920 to World War II.

Question 12._____________ claims that males are more likely to be labeled delinquent than are females because of the cultural stereotype that view males as troublemakers and the fact that males engage in more delinquency:
Labeling theory.
Social control.
Biological theory
Class oppression.

Question 13.Police may pull a car over:
whenever they want.
when the police have reasonable suspicion that something legal is occurring.
when the youth's car has a broken taillight.
when they suspect that youth is a drag queen.

Question 14.The proactive role of the police includes:
acting as quickly as possible when a crime occurs.
arresting a person anytime that a law violation is witnessed.
investigating offenses.
preventing crime whenever possible.

Question 15.The police in the early 20th Century began to focus on which of the following to control youth crimes?
Community organization.
Curbside justice.
Prevention.
B and C above.

Question 16.A ___________ consists of the police placing a number of suspects in front of witnesses or victims who try to identify the person who committed the crime against them:
lineup.
witness.
stand in.
stand down.

Question 17.The Cook County Juvenile Court was founded in:
1920.
1899.
1966.
1838.

Question 1. One result of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 is that:
status offenders be housed together with delinquents in secure detention centers.
status offenders be housed together with delinquents in adult prisons.
status offenders be kept separate from delinquents in secure detention centers.
status offenders be housed with the patents of their victims.

Question 2.A disposition that requires offenders to repay their victims or the community for their crime is known as:
Restitution.
Retribution.
Electronic monitoring.
Intensive supervision.

Question 3.It is during what stage in the juvenile justice process that the probation officer participates in release and detention decisions?
intake stage.
predisposition stage.
postadjudication stage.
postdisposition stage.

Question 4.Thompson v. Oklahoma, Stanford v. Kentucky, and Eddings v. Oklahoma are all cases relevant to the ________ Amendment.
First
Eighth
Fourteenth
Fourth

Question 5.What percent of juveniles currently are waived to adult court?
35 percent
15 percent
25 percent
5 percent

Question 6. Based on a series of U.S. Supreme Court decisions, the death penalty for juveniles:
who commit crimes under the age of 18 has been outlawed.
who commit crimes under the age of 18 has been upheld.
who commit crimes under the age of 21 has been outlawed.
is only valid in the western states.

Question 7. The increase of violent youth crime over the past decade has contributed to the rise of which one of the following approaches to youth crime?
Reintegration.
Least restrictive.
Get tough.
Treatment.

Question 8. It was during what decade that the private sector reentered the field of juvenile corrections?
1970s.
1980s.
1990s.
2000s.

Question 9.The term group home generally refers to:
a single dwelling owned or rented by an organization or agency for the purpose of housing offenders.
small community facilities that blend into nearby houses and apartments and use community services.
medium or maximum security training schools that use cottage systems for their youths.
a single home where probation officers live with 10-12 of their most troubled teenagers.

Question 10.Tertiary prevention is directed at:
the prevention of recidivism.
modifying conditions in the physical and social environment at large.
early identification and intervention in the lives of individuals or groups.
A and B above.

Question 11. Which one of the following is not a model of teen courts?
Peer jury.
Parent judge.
Tribunal.
Youth judge.

Question 12. The nationwide expansion of gangs appears to have begun in the late:
1960s.
1970s.
1980s.
1990s.

Question 13. According to Ronald C. Huff, gangs that are involved in committing a large number of property crimes to make money are ________ gangs.
informal hedonistic
instrumental
Type I
predatory

Question 14. Gangs in the 1980s were primarily oriented to fighting:
over neighborhood turf.
for control over narcotics.
for political control of their neighborhoods.
all of the above.

Question 15. What age group has the highest rate of drug use?
16-17.
18-20.
21-25.
26-29.

Question 16. According to the National Drug Intelligence Center:
in September 2008 there were nearly 100,000 inmates in federal prisons convicted and sentenced for drug offenses.
in September 2007 there were only 1,000 inmates in federal prisons convicted and sentenced for drug offenses.
for 2009 the federal government allocated 14 million dollars for drug treatment and prevention programs.
as of fall 2010, the drug traffic along the U.S. Mexican border has declined significantly.

Question 17. Juvenile corrections is entering a new era in which technology rather than personnel is used to monitor probation, aftercare, and institutional populations. This is known as:
get tough approaches.
technocorrections.
targeting criminogenic needs.
relapse prevention components.

Question 18. What are the four key words in juveniles' ability to turn their lives around? (Points : 4)
Habilitation, healing, hope, and honor.
Habilitation, helplessness, hope, and honor.
Hope, honor, healing, and alienation.
Helplessness, alienation, anomie, and anarchy.

Part C-

Question 1. Describe the juvenile justice agencies and their respective functions.

Question 2. Discuss the characteristics of the five dimensions of juvenile law-violating behavior, include in your discussion how you can use this knowledge to develop effective juvenile delinquency prevention programs.

Question 3. What are the basic assumptions of positivism? What was the historical impact of positivism on the juvenile justice system? How does positivism impact the juvenile justice system in the United States today?

Question 4. Community-oriented policing (COP) is the newest model of delivering police services. Describe COP and include in your discussion why community policing is useful in juvenile justice.

Question 5. Assess the functions of probation services.

Question 6. Barry Feld recommends abolishing the juvenile court and placing youthful offenders under the jurisdiction of the adult criminal court. Summarize his arguments. How will his proposal affect offenders, victims, and the community? Do you believe we should use this alternative? Why?

Question 7. Discuss the levels of delinquency prevention; include in your discussion two examples of each level of prevention.

Question 8. Discuss the relationship between drug use and delinquency, including research findings.