Reference no: EM133025533
QUESTION 1 (max 3 pages)
In response to the situation in Central African Republic (CAR) October 2018, violent clashes have again erupted in CAR between the armed groups. This has led to a fast deterioration of the security situation in the country. Experts now fear that the sectarian violence will take a turn for the worse leading to a similar situation to that of 2012-2013. Reports have been coming into the Security Council of civilian causalities and people fleeing their villages, as well as renewed attacks on the MINUSCA mission.
Use the provided material to write a Security Council resolution based on the situation in Central Africa Republic.When writing your resolution keep in mind that the content needs to follow a logic both when it comes to structure, content and political circumstances, i.e. it should be a resolution that is possible for the Security Council to pass (therefore also bear in mind which states are members of the council). The following states are non-permanent members of the council in 2018: Sweden, Poland, Bolivia, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Netherlands and Peru.
The followingsourcesare a startingpoint to answering the assignment (you need to search for them):
- UN Charter (the 26th of June, 1945)
- What's in Blue- UN Security Council Report - Central Africa Republic- posted on WED 11 JUL 2018
- Human Rights Council- Report on the Human Rights Situation in CAR, A/HRC/39/70
- Fact Sheet - Sanctions Central Africa Republic 2027- Security Council Report, 2018
- Letter/report Secretary General to Security Council- Situation in CAR, 15 May, 2018, S/2018/463
QUESTION 2
Write a comment to your resolution where you show, explain and discuss how you have applied international law in your resolution. Account for the political reasoning behind the resolution's content. This shall be based on the relationship between international law and international politics.
Make references to the course literature, even if CAR is not featured as a case in the literature, you shall make use of the course literatures and its interpretations of the UN Charter and its explanations of the UN's functions.
QUESTION 3
a) Some resolutions passed by the Security Council have such significance that they change the application and understanding of the UN Charter. One such resolution is S/RES/1368 (2001) passed on the day after the terrorist attacks in New York, Washington D.C. and Pennsylvania on the 11thof September 2001 (see the attached resolution). Which articles of the UN Charter are applied in the resolution?What is significant (ground breaking, new) about the resolution?
b) The principle of sovereignty is foremost a principle for upholding peace in the international community by guaranteeing the territorial integrity of states. What is its historical origin and why did it come about?
c) Just war tradition clearly illustrates that war has throughout human history had a set of norms based on the conception that war needs to be just, both in cause and conduct, as the natural state of humankind has been understood as being peace. From both a historical and moral perspective, there is a strong presumption against the use of violence and aggression. Just war theory deals with the justification for overriding this strong presumption and waging war, i.e. what constitutes a just war. Explain if and in what way a war/conflict of your own choosing constitutes a just war based on the criteria of just war theory (jus ad bellum). Choose a conflict/war that you know well or one of the conflicts from the seminars. (max1 pages answer)
d) The principle of sovereignty is foremost a principle for upholding peace in the international community. Despite these arguments to the contrary are often voiced by critics when for instance the international community does not act upon humanitarian catastrophes and mass atrocities taking place in within states. Discuss the principle of sovereignty as an upholder of peace and as a hindrance to peace.
Attachment:- COURSE LETERATURE.rar