Reference no: EM132847404
Read the case study below and answer questions that follows:
Impact of Natural Disasters on Coastal Countries Hurricanes are monitored globally by a number of weather satellites operated by the United States of America. Military aircraft are flown around the storms (Hurricane Hunters) which are probed with sensors that transmit data to computers at the US National Hurricane Centre in Miami, which in turn provide forecasting and prediction of their intended paths, strengths, loads and the likely effects of their impact upon any country or region.Thus, on September 18th 2017, the powerful Hurricane Maria devastated Dominica. Early warning systems from the National Hurricane center monitored the hurricane before it intercepted the island.On September 20th 2017, the powerful Hurricane Maria also devastated the island of Puerto Rico. Early warning systems from the National Hurricane center monitored the hurricane after it made landfall on Dominica and prior to it intercepting the island of Puerto Rico.
Early warning systems
These are some of the early warning systems used in the Caribbean:Rain and river gauges with electro mechanical transducers providing signaling that are automatically transmitted to a central computer where processing is done and the appropriate response is initiated. This type of telemetry is widely used to provide early warning for flooding from river overflow and rain inundation.Satellite tracking of weather systems which is globally transmitted in real time on weather channels and which is then rebroadcast by local television and cable service providers for early consumption and evasive action by threatened populations. This early warning system has undoubtedly saved millions of lives over the past decade or so, as death tolls from weather systems were considerably higher before its development.The Tsunami Warning System is perhaps the most safety critical of all warning networks, as it must rapidly report any occurrence of undersea activity likely to produce tsunami at any point throughout the world in to allow sufficient time for evasive action. This utilizes state of the art digital communication technology in order to fulfill its mandate.Satellite imagery is used to detect forest fires and unusual migration of population in some countries where this is a potential hazard. These pictures also give indications of performance of crops, which provide warning of impending famine and its associated epidemic implications. Bridge failure and Sea wall breaches are sometimes predicted or pre-empted by the use of electro mechanical transducers, which use telemetry to signal creep. This warning system saves untold lives as buses and trucks with large numbers of people cross hundreds of times per day.Human reporting of unusual or potentially dangerous situation is however the most widely used and effective early warning systems. This is so because it is driven by personal interest, understanding and prioritization of the potential dangers, where technological means may sometimes appear foreign to some cultures. This type of warning system is both formal and informal. Simple reporting to the authorities by members of the community is done daily, while Health Ministries, social and humanitarian workers, scientific projects, and other government agencies have monitoring and reporting systems, which provide the most basic and reliable type of warnings. This class of warning usually utilizes the most basic communications technology.
Question1
Discuss Five Benefits of Early warning systems and give references
Question 2
Discuss the key components of both the Preparedness cycle and the Training Cycle in the development of a Disaster Management strategy for your organization. Please references