Did hrt live up to its promise as a cardioprotectant

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The leading cause of death in the United States is heart disease. In women, cardiovascular disease is largely considered a disease of menopause, as the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events is much lower in premenopausal women compared to men the same age, but is roughly the same between postmenopausal women and men the same age. As a result, it was generally assumed that estrogen had a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. As a result, estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) or estrogen+progestin hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was routinely prescribed to women in the 1980s and 1990s, not only to reduce the symptoms of menopause, but also to protect against heart disease.

What are some of the symptoms of menopause that ERT/HRT was originally intended to alleviate? How does the loss of ovarian hormones lead to these symptoms?

ERT was generally replaced by HRT in the 1970's. Why?

Did HRT live up to its promise as a cardioprotectant? Identify the major studies that explored the effects of HRT on cardiovascular health-were there any surprising findings? Describe the mechanisms thought to be responsible for the findings summarized in these studies.

Reference no: EM132934741

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