Reference no: EM132586284

Practice Exercise : Determining the Appropriate Analysis

For each of the following scenarios, identify the appropriate analysis.

1. The question is whether verbal reinforcement affects response rates. Subjects in Group 1 were verbally reinforced every time they respond to the instructor's questions. Subjects in Group 2 were not. After 2 weeks, the two groups were compared by gauging the number of students who raised their hand when questions were asked. The following data were collected.
Group 1: 13, 15, 12, 17, 14, 14,
Group 2: 10, 12, 12, 11, 13, 9

2. A guidance counselor at a high school wants to be best informed about the universities and colleges that students prefer most frequently. He glances at the institutions attended by last year's graduates and notes that the three closet colleges appear to have about equal appeal. To test this assumption, he begins asking students who are planning on postsecondary schooling where they will apply. His data are as follows:
The technical institute: 22
The community college: 18
The comprehensive university: 12

3. A biology instructor wishes to know if there is a difference between performance on a state developed benchmark test and her comprehensive final examination. To maintain consistency, both test included the same number of questions (100), and the instructor used the number of items correct as the grade. The following data were collected from a sample of 10 students.

4. Assume that an educator wants to know how closely time spent doing homework is related to student grades. Data was collected from 8 students. Time spent on homework is reported in the number of hours completed per night, and grades are reported on a 4-point scale. The following data were collected.

5. Three groups of students involved in the same curriculum are obliged to study for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, or 90 minutes a night for 8 weeks before taking a mathematics test. Scores from 5 students in each group were randomly selected to determine if there was a difference among the three time groups. Their scores are as follows:
15 minutes: 43, 39, 55, 56, 73
30 minutes: 55, 58, 66, 79, 82
90 minutes: 61, 66, 85, 86, 91

6. An administrator is interested in determining if the type of reading curriculum students receive is related to whether they meet reading standards for their grade.
The following data were collected.

7. Suppose the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) wants to examine the safety of compact cars, midsize cars, and full-size cars. It collects a sample of three for each of the treatments (cars types). The hypothetical data provided below from 10 trials report the mean pressure applied to the driver's head during a crash test for each type of car.
Compact: 635, 671, 648, 685, 648, 651, 654, 682, 687, 627
Midsize: 482, 529, 541, 518, 497, 526, 507, 492, 499, 451
Full-size: 451, 483, 464, 447, 456, 499, 484, 492, 449, 449

8. To determine whether students represent five selected counties in roughly equal proportions, a university official randomly selects a group of 95 university students and finds that 60 of them came from the 5-county area. The distribution of the students across the five counties is given below.

9. Seventh-grade students have just completed a battery of tests, and administrators are interested in determining if there is a relationship between math and spelling scores. Twelve students were randomly selected and their scores were recorded.

10. An instructor teaching algebra 1 to ninth-grade students wishes to analyze the difference between student achievement before and after the implementation of an online help resource. For 6 weeks, students worked with conventional, in-class and homework resources, and then for the next 6 weeks, an online help desk was made available to them. The scores for 6 students on a district benchmark test before and after the implementation of the online help resource are listed below.

Before: 22, 18, 33, 20, 23, 27
After: 28, 21, 32, 25, 33, 28

11. In a certain town, there are about one million eligible voters. A simple random sample of 10,000 eligible voters was chosen to study the relationship between sex and participation in the last election. The results are summarized in the following table:

12. A college counselor wonders whether second semester students take fewer units than first semester students. From the population of each group (first semester and second semester), she selects 10 students at random. The following data were collected:
First semester students: 10, 12, 14, 14, 15, 15, 15, 16, 16, 18
Second semester students: 6, 9, 9, 10, 12, 12, 13, 14