Determine the number of valence electrons

Reference no: EM133383417

Draw the Lewis Structure for H2O:

1. Determine the number of valence electrons. Valence electrons can be determined by the Group number on the periodic table.

2. Determine the number of electrons to make the atoms "happy." An atom is considered "happy" when its outer electron shell is filled. Most elements need eight electrons to fill their outer electron shell. This property is often known as the "octet rule". The exception is hydrogen, which only needs two electrons.

3. Subtract the number of valence electrons from the octet electrons to find the number of bonding electrons:
# of Octet Electrons - # of Valence Electrons = # Bonding electrons

4. Divide the number of bonding electrons to find the number of bonds needed in the structure:
# Bonding electrons/2 = # of Bonds

5. Subtract the number of bonding electrons from the valence electrons to find the number of non-bonding electrons:
# of Valence Electrons - # Bonding electrons = # of Nonbonding Electrons

6. Choose a Central Atom. The central atom of a molecule is usually the least electronegative atom or the atom with the highest valence.

7. Draw a Skeletal Structure. Connect the atoms to the central atom with a straight line representing a bond between the two atoms.

8. Complete the octets around each atom using the nonbonding electrons. Prioritize the outer atoms first (except if hydrogen, it will not have nonbonding electrons), then complete the octet on the central atom.

9. Repeat steps 1-8 with O3

10. Repeat steps 1-8 with CH3F

Reference no: EM133383417

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