Reference no: EM133281204

1. Which statement best describes the pharmacodynamics of insulin?

A. Insulin causes the pancreas to secrete glucose into the bloodstream.

B. Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting use of glucose in the body cells.

C. Insulin is metabolized by the liver and muscle and excreted in the urine.

D. Insulin is needed to maintain colloidal osmotic pressure in the bloodstream.

2. Which is the most likely expected outcome of administering a drug that antagonizes H1 histamine receptors?

A. The client will report less wheezing and more energy.

B. The client will report less sneezing and tearing.

C. The client will report that headache is improved.

D. The client will cough less.

3. The healthcare team is attempting to determine cause for a client's duodenal ulcer. Which factors are not associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?

A. Excessive stress at home

B. Having type A blood

C. Having a parent diagnosed with a peptic ulcer

D. Smoking cigarettes

4. The nurse is educating a client with a history of type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and osteoporosis about their new prescription for rosiglitazone. What adverse effects will the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client? (Select all that apply).

A. Increased serum lipids

B. Fatigue

C. Dyspnea

D. Weight gain

E. Edema

5. A patient is brought into the emergency room combative, semi-conscious, and unable to follow commands. The patient's finger stick blood glucose level is 53 mg/dL. Which

A. Helping the client drink a glass of orange juice.

B. Helping the client eat a peanut butter sandwich.

C. Administration of subcutaneous insulin lispro.

D. Administration of intramuscular glucagon.

6. The healthcare provider is reviewing the lab work of a patient with type 2 diabetes that has recently begun treatment with an oral anti-diabetic medication. The patient's most recent hemoglobin A1C is 5.9%. What instruction would the healthcare provider provide based on this finding?

A. "Because you were not fasting this morning, we will need to repeat the lab work."

B. "Your diabetes is well controlled. No changes are needed for your medication."

C. "This result indicates that your diabetes is not well controlled and your provider may want to adjust your medication."

D. "Based on this laboratory result, your provider will probably want you to begin taking insulin."

7. A patient with type 1 diabetes calls the clinic because they have experienced nausea and vomiting for the past 2 days and are wondering what they should do. What information will the nurse provide?

A. Increase the amount of fats and protein in the diet until the illness has subsided.

B. Check your blood glucose levels more than normal while ill.

C. You will temporarily need to change to oral antidiabetic therapy.

D. An increase in insulin may be required until well.

8. Drugs that activate beta2-adrenergic receptors:

A. decrease production of viscous secretions.

B. increase labored breathing

C. relax bronchiolar smooth muscle.

D. result in airway diameter narrowing.

9. Rebound congestion is occasionally a problem after use of some drugs for allergic rhinitis. Which preparation is mostly likely to cause this concern?

A. Oral antihistamines

B. Intranasal steroids

C. Oral decongestants

D. Intranasal decongestants

10. The nurse administered 12 units of insulin aspart to the patient with type 1 diabetes at 0700. Which meal would prevent the client from experiencing hypoglycemia?

A. Bedtime snack

B. Lunch

C. Breakfast

D. Dinner

11. Which medication is a serotonin receptor antagonist?

A. Ondansetron

B. Diphenhydramine

C. Promethazine

D. Dexamethasone

12. A patient with type 1 diabetes received 10 units of isophane, NPH, insulin at 0700. At what time is the patient most likely to feel the effects of hypoglycemia?

A. 1000

B. 2300

C. 1600

D. 0800

13. A healthcare provider is teaching a patient about their new prescription for repaglinide, a meglitinide. Which teaching point should be included in the educational plan?

A. "It may take several weeks before you see optimal therapeutic effects."

B. "This medication is taken once a week through a subcutaneous injection."

C. "Be sure to take your medication shortly before each meal."

D. "You will begin by taking this medication once a day before breakfast."

14. The patient states that they have recently started taking glyburide to control their diabetes. The nurse knows that glyburide falls into which classification of anti-diabetic medication?

A. Biguanide

B. Sulfonylurea

C. Meglitinide

D. Thiazolidinedione

15. Match the correct side effect to the correct antacid.

Choose from following: Fluid retention / Diarrhea / Kidney stones / Constipation

Calcium carbonate

Sodium bicarbonate

Aluminum hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide

16. The nurse is instructing a client who has been prescribed bulk-forming laxatives. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the use of laxatives?

A. "They are indicated for the relief of bowel obstruction."

B. "They work to increase the frequency and quality of bowel movements."

C. "I should use them when I have diarrhea caused by an infection."

D. "I can use them liberally whenever I don't have regular bowel movements."

17. A mother is struggling to manage her child's moderate persistent asthma at home. The mother asks if there are any nonpharmacologic measures she can use. Which strategies are most likely to be effective?

A. Avoiding stimuli such as secondhand smoke, pollutants, and cold air

B. Limiting intake of protein and foods with red and yellow dyes

C. Homeschooling the child and limiting his contact with other children who might have upper respiratory infections

D. Keeping the child's immunizations up-to-date and wearing a face mask in public

18. A patient will begin an intravenous infusion of insulin due to unstable blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which type of insulin will be ordered for the infusion?

A. Aspart

B. Isophane

C. Regular

D. Detemir

19. A patient recently started on incretin therapy to treat their type 2 diabetes. The nurse would expect to see which medication(s) on the medication administration record? (Select all that apply).

A. Exenatide

B. Sitagliptin

C. Linagliptin

D. Nateglinide

E. Liraglutide

20. The healthcare provider is teaching a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes about the adverse effects of biguanides. What will the healthcare provider identify as a common adverse effect of this medication class?

A. Sinusitis

B. Fluid retention

C. Diarrhea

D. Hypoglycemia