Describe treatments that would be used for dm and dka

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Reference no: EM133500438

Discussion Post: Immune System of The Body Incorrectly Targets

• Prompt I. The immune system of the body incorrectly targets and kills the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to type 1 diabetes. High blood sugar levels result from the pancreas' inability to produce enough insulin. Insulin resistance, on the other hand, is a condition where the body's cells do not react to insulin as effectively. This can eventually result in beta-cell burnout, which lowers insulin production. In both type 1 and advanced type 2 diabetes, a serious condition known as diabetic keto acidosis can develop. Lack of insulin causes the body to burn fat for energy and produce ketones, which causes the blood to become acidic. DKA is a potentially fatal disorder that needs to be treated right away.

• Prompt II. According to Ms. Fernandez's earlier medical records, she was given a type 2 diabetes diagnosis about ten years ago but has had trouble controlling her blood sugar levels and taking her medications as prescribed. Diabetic keto acidosis, a potentially fatal complication that can arise in severe cases of type 2 diabetes, is what characterizes her current situation. (Diabetic Keto acidosis - Symptoms & Causes - Mayo Clinic, 2022) The link between beta-cell exhaustion and insulin insufficiency is due to years of improper diabetes care. The combination of this insulin deficit and consistently high blood sugar levels creates the ideal conditions for DKA, in which the body begins metabolizing fat for energy, leading to the buildup of ketones and acidic blood. In order to avoid DKA and associated consequences, proper diabetes care is essential.

• Prompt III. Blood sugar levels will be controlled by lifestyle changes, oral and injectable drugs, and blood sugar monitoring as part of the treatment of type 2 diabetes.(Insulin, Medicines Diabetes Treatments, 2023) IV fluids, insulin, electrolytes, blood tests, and hospitalization until stable are used to treat DKA.

A. Prompt A: Explain in detail the pathogenesis of DM Type 1 & 2 and DKA.

Type 1 diabetes medalist results from the auto immune destruction of the cells of the endocrine pancreas. Pathogenesis of T1DM is different from that of type two diabetes mellitus, we're both insulin resistance, and reduce secretion of insulin by the B cells play a synergistic role. We will present genetic, environmental and immunologic factors that destroy cells of the endocrine pancreas and lead to insulin deficiency. The Ketoacidosis which she was diagnosed with is caused in type 1 diabetes where there is a lack of insulin and fatty acids.

B. Prompt B: Describe treatments that would be used for DM and DKA.

Proper management of DKA requires hospitalization for aggressive intravenous fluids, insulin therapy, electrolyte replacement as well as identification and treatment of the underlying precipitating event along with frequent monitoring of patient's clinical and laboratory states.

People with type 1 diabetes require multiple insulin injections each day to maintain safe insulin levels. Insulin is often required to treat type 2 diabetes too. Using an insulin pump is an alternative to injections. The pump is about the size of a pager and is usually worn on your belt.

Reference no: EM133500438

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