Reference no: EM133264068

Assignment:

1. These 6 plants provide most of the caloric needs of people worldwide.

2. Plant breeding is _________________ ___________________ that is guided by humans rather than by nature.

3. Plant breeders divide crop plants into two groups, those that pollinate themselves called ______ ____________ and those that relay on another plant to pollinate it called ________ ________________.

4. The goal of plant breeding is to improve ___________, ________________ _______________, ________ ___________ and _______ tolerance.

5. Describe the process of pure line selection.

6. Describe the process of mass selection.

7. Outcrossing often results in hybrid vigor. Another name for hybrid vigor is_______________.

8. The evolutionary opposite of hybrid vigor is called ______________ ________________ and results in small size, poor vigor and low reproductive capacity.

9. Open-pollinated populations of plants are called _______________ ______________.

10. Germplasm is the sum total of a plants ______________.

11. Plant varieties today are the result of centuries of selection for a specific trait. This has led to a great deal of homogeneity. In turn, and as we learned in the movie Botany of Desire, these crops are vulnerable to pests and diseases. To guard against the collapse of current crops, __________ _________ have been established to preserve genetic diversity.

12. Plant propagation is the reproduction of plants by ____________ and ___________ means.

13. Plant propagation by sexual means is done by the planting of a ____________.

14. Reproducing plants with seeds is the only way to get ________________.

15. Reproducing plants vegetatively or asexually does not produce hybrids but produces exact genetic duplicates which we call _____________.

16. Methods of asexual reproduction include ___________ ____________, ______________, _______________ .

17. Propagation from parts such as stems, roots, or leaves is called propagation by _________________.

18. The formation of adventitious roots requires the cells near the wound to _______________ and create new __________________ regions.

19. Sometimes rooting is stimulated by the application of a plant hormone called _________.

20. This hormone is available as a rooting powder or as a liquid. What is the 3-letter name for this hormone?

21. ________________ is a modified form of cutting propagation in which the plant is wounded, covered with damp peat moss, wrapped in plastic, allowed to make roots and then severed from the parent plant.

22. _________________ is the process by which segments of different plants are connected and induced to grow together as one.

23. The top part of a graft is called the _______________.

24. The bottom part of the graft is called the _________________.

25. A successful graft depends on good contact of the ____________ ______________.

26. ________________________ is the propagation of plants in a test tube in a sterile environment.

27. Micropropagation relies on the property of _____________ which is the capacity of a plant cell to develop into an entire mature plant.

28. Micropropagation begins with a piece of leaf or stem tissue called an _______________.

29. Disinfestation involves dipping tools and plant parts in _________ or______________ to kill pathogens.