Reference no: EM133596921

Questions:

1. Describe the location and general structure of the lungs.
2. Compare and contrast the right versus left lung.
3. Describe the pleural membranes and pleural cavity.
4. Explain the function of the serous fluid in the pleural cavity.
5. Explain the anatomic properties that keep lungs inflated.
6. Respiratory System Physiology
7. Distinguish between the following terms: pulmonary ventilation, pulmonary gas exchange, gas transport, and tissue gas exchange.
8. Explain how pressure gradients are established and result in pulmonary ventilation.
9. Describe the relationship between volume and pressure.
10. Distinguish between quiet and forced breathing.
11. What muscles are involved in quiet breathing?
12. What muscles are involved in forced inspiration?
13. What muscles are involved in forced expiration?
14. Describe the volume and pressure changes that occur in the thoracic cavity during quiet and forced breathing.
15. Describe how changes in intrapulmonary pressure are responsible for quiet and forced breathing.
16. List and explain the different reflexes that alter breathing rate and depth.
17. Distinguish between central versus peripheral chemoreceptors. Describe what they respond to directly and indirectly.
18. Explain how pressure gradients and resistance determine airflow.
19. Distinguish between pulmonary and alveolar ventilation.
20. Explain the relationship between anatomic dead space and physiologic dead space.
21. Define the four different respiratory volume measurements.
22. Distinguish between obstructive and restrictive disease. Provide examples of each.
23. Define partial pressure and the movement of gases relative to a partial pressure gradient.
24. Describe the partial pressures that are relevant to gas exchange.
25. Distinguish between the solubility of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
26. Describe pulmonary gas exchange and the partial pressure gradients responsible.
27. Explain the partial pressures gradients between systemic cells and the blood in capillaries.
28. Differentiate between pulmonary and tissue gas exchange.
29. Explain why hemoglobin is essential for gas transport.
30. Describe the ways in which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.
31. Explain the conversion of CO2 to and from HCO3- within red blood cells.
32. What substances can actually be carried by hemoglobin?
33. Explain the significance of the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve for both external and internal respiration.
34. What factors shift the curve to the right?
35. What factors shift the curve to the left?