Reference no: EM133728101

Homework: Biology Sleep and Sleep Disorders Stages Effects and Treatment Essay

Sleep is a necessary biological process, even if we do not yet fully understand why it is necessary. Humans will spend about one-third of their lives asleep. Although many people proudly proclaim how little sleep they got the previous night, research continuously demonstrates the negative impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive function and overall health. There is currently a movement to measure, quantify, and optimize sleep, but some researchers argue that the fixation on getting the "best" sleep may just lessen the quality of sleep.

There are many types of sleep disorders that affect different parts of the night's sleep. Sleep can be broken down into Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) and Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phases. NREM sleep disorders, including sleepwalking and night terrors, occur during the NREM stages. REM sleep disorders, the most common of which is REM Behavior Disorder, occur during REM sleep and involve the sleeper physically acting out their dreams. Other disorders involve dysfunction of the circadian rhythm, making it difficult for the individual to maintain a regular sleep-wake cycle. One of the most widely known sleep disorders is insomnia. There are many treatments including biological approaches, such as sleep hygiene, and pharmacological approaches, such as sleeping pills.

For this Homework, you will write a paper about sleep and sleep disorders. You will include the stages of sleep, how people cycle through those NREM sleep and REM sleep stages each night, and biological and pharmaceutical means commonly used to treat sleep deprivation. Finally, you will identify a common sleep disorder and discuss the biological basis of the disorder as well as how it is treated.

To Prepare:

Review the Learning Resources about sleep and sleep disorders.

Select a sleep disorder, other than insomnia, and research its neurologic basis and common treatments.

Conduct additional research as necessary to support your Homework and be prepared to properly cite all of the sources used in the preparation of your Homework.

In a paper, address the following:

1) Define the stages of NREM sleep and describe how clinicians identify its different stages.

2) Define and describe REM sleep and explain how it differs from NREM sleep.

3) Provide an overview of how a person cycles through the stages during the course of a night's sleep.

4) Describe at least one effect of sleep deprivation on the body and on the brain.

5) Then, explain what is meant by sleep hygiene and whether it is effective. Describe how sleeping pills interact with the brain regions that promote sleep and wakefulness you described in the Discussion.

6) Identify the sleep disorder you selected and describe its neurologic basis. Describe common treatments for the disorder, including how the treatments work and their efficacy.