Describe how communication is a transactional process

Reference no: EM132979772

• What is interpersonal communication? Why study communication?
• Elements/components of the communication process - thoroughly understand each
o Be able to use the Model of Communication to analyze a scenario (be able to identify and use the elements in relation to context, perception & interpretation & how they interact).
• Communication Principles - what are they? Be able to identify & discuss.
• Traits of a competent interpersonal communicator - be able to identify & explain them
• Describe how communication is a transactional process.

• What is culture, ethnic identity, enculturation & acculturation
• What is intercultural communication, interethnic communication - be able to use specific examples
• How cultures differ (be able to explain and use examples)
o Orientation - individualistic and collectivist
o Context - high and low
o Masculinity -femininity
Also consider culture and gender differences and their impact on communication - be able to explain
• What are the suggestions ("steps") to improving intercultural communication? Know each of the suggestions (e.g. recognize and reduce ethnocentrism, etc.) and be able to apply them - think of examples.

• The Self in Interpersonal Communication - understanding of self-concept, sources of self-concept
• Self Awareness (Johari Window & how it works - be able to apply to different types of relationships)
o What is needed for self-disclosure to occur and continue?
o Activities to help us increase our open window
o Think about why one would self-disclose (reasons/rewards for self-disclosure); dangers/risks of self-disclosure
• Self Esteem - suggestions for increasing
• What is perception & what is the Perception Process? Understand how it works.
• Perception of self & others - (see Impression Formation - self-fulfilling prophecies, stereotypes, halo effects, etc).
• Increasing Accuracy in Impression Formation - ways to increase your accuracy
• Improving Social Perception
o Perception checking (see Increasing Accuracy in Impression Formation) - what is perception & interpretation checking & why is perception/ interpretation checking important?
o Identify how you would utilize perception/interpretation checking to improve perceptual accuracy & improve overall communication with someone.
• Impression Management Goals & Strategies - general understanding of

• What is listening & what is the difference with hearing?
• Stages of listening - be fully aware of the stages & what is involved in each (be able to identify & apply)
• Listening barriers - what are they?
• Styles of listening effectively - know how to increase listening effectiveness
• Think of listening barriers; think of ways to increase listening effectiveness; think of how to deal with a difficult listener.
• Techniques of active listening - be able to identify and apply

• The nature of verbal messages - what's involved (see Principles of Verbal Communication)
o How we arrive at mutually agreed upon meaning (e.g. Messages are denotative, messages vary in directness, abstraction, etc.). Understand each and be able to identify.
o Confirmation & Disconfirmation - what they are and behaviours demonstrating each. Be able to identify.
o Indirect and direct messages; abstractions (in-class slides) & advantage/disadvantages
o Onymous & Anonymous
o Deception of verbal messages (e.g. how/what we need to do to understand deceptive messages)
o Assertive & non-assertive messages (how to be assertive)
• Sexism, heterosexism, ageism, racism, cultural identifiers - as part of disconfirmation (understanding and application of each); Confirming behaviours - how we can confirm another

• Principles & functions of non-verbal communication & examples. Understand each including but not limited to:
o Interaction of verbals and non-verbals
o Influence and deception of non-verbals
o Importance of eye contact; what eye contact means - e.g. avoidance of, etc.
o Non-verbals as emotional expression
o Channels of non-verbals (be able to identify & use examples)
o Body gestures - know the terms & how they apply
• How non-verbals structure conversation
• Role of silence as a non-verbal; Facial management techniques; How colour impacts meaning
• Space as a non-verbal - how? Know the various proxemics space distances
o Proxemics & influence of proxemics on communication; distance levels; how culture influences proxemics, status and proxemics, etc.
• Artefactual messages; Time messages; Touching as a non-verbal (what the research shows)
• Paralanguage. Understand what paralanguage is; forms of it and impacts/considerations.
• Non-verbal competence - what you can do to improve competence

Reference no: EM132979772

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