Reference no: EM133441830

Questions:

1. Define the terms genome and gene
2. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
3. Diagram a segment of DNA, labeling all important chemical groups within the molecule.
4. Summarize the steps of bacterial DNA replication and the enzymes used in this process.
5. Compare and contrast the synthesis of leading and lagging strands during DNA replication.
6. What is the traditional scientific view of the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins? How have viruses changed this view?
7. Identify important structural and functional differences between DNA and RNA.
8. Describe the steps of transcription, noting key elements and the direction of mRNA synthesis.
9. List the three types of RNA directly involved in translation.
10. Define the terms codon and anticodon, and list the four known start and stop codons.
11. Discuss the importance of the promoter, the start codon, and the A and P sites during translation.
12. Indicate how eukaryotic transcription and translation differ from these processes in Bacteria and Archaea
13. Explain the relationship between genomics and proteomics.
14. Define the term operon and explain one advantage it provides a bacterial cell.
15. Differentiate between repressible and inducible operonsand provide an example of each.
16. List several antibiotic drugs and their targets within the transcription and translation machinery.
17. Explain the defining characteristics of a recombinant organism.
18. Describe three forms of horizontal gene transfer used in bacteria.
19. Define the term mutation and discuss one positive and one negative example of it in microorganisms.
20. Differentiate among frameshift, nonsense, silent, and missense mutations.