Reference no: EM133241511

Assignment:

The Peer review process was first invented by a physician in the mid-800s CE, Ishaq bin Ali al-Rahwi. (Kelly, 2014) The idea was formed because he believed all physicians should be noted for medical record keeping during client visits. Ishaq wanted to ensure that each Physician was meeting the standards of medical care.

The American Psychological Association defines Peer review as "the evaluation of scientific or academic work, such as research or articles submitted to journals for publication, by other qualified professionals practicing in the same field." (APA, n.d.)

In essence, Peer review is a process that critiques the research by a professional in a chosen field that either authenticates or rejects the validity of the research done by the conductor.

The significance of peer review is that "it acts as a filter to ensure that only high-quality research is published, especially in reputable journals, by determining the validity, significance, and originality of the study" (Kelly, 2014). Without this process, personal views, basis, and unwarranted claims would supersede truth and accuracy.

An article is peer-reviewed because it is evaluated by experts in that field to confirm its validity and quality. Additionally, what makes an article peered is the process it goes through. This process includes

1. The researcher is conducting a study

2. The researcher then submits to a journal for review and is ultimately accepted or rejected

3. Send the paper to an accomplished researcher in the field for formal peer reviewing to judge whether the article will contribute to the advancement in the field. (Kelly, 2014)

Another factor that makes an article peer-reviewed is that the peer reviewer is not only an expert but effective. The elements of an effective peer reviewer are

1. Professional,

2. Pleasantness

3. Helpful

4. Scientific

5. Realistic

6. Empathetic

7. And organized. (Kelly, 2014)

The significance of peer review in the research process is that it contributes to determining whether the paper is written with clarity and logic. In addition, peer Reviewers determine if the article meets the journal's standards for publication.

Created by the National Association of Social Workers, Social Workers have a code of ethics by which we abide. One of the codes of ethics is Service. NASW describes Service as "the elevation of service to others above self-interest. Drawing on their knowledge, values, and skills to help people in need and address social problems".(Code of Ethics, n.d.) If we are to remove self-interest and bias as Social Workers, then Peer reviews support that mission. Peer review is critical because it considers our human imperfections by putting our work into a review and scrutinization process to provide effective and accurate contributions to research.

What makes Peer-reviewed different than other forms of writing is that experts review them in the field before being published to ensure the article's quality. Pressure makes diamonds, and no other form of writing gets put to scrutiny and rigor like that peer-reviewed articles go through.

Respond to the above post by respectfully agreeing or disagreeing with their description of peer reviewed research or its comparison to other forms of writing. Also address what role American Psychological Association (APA) Style plays in a peer-reviewed research article.