Reference no: EM133384337

Question Neuroscience

1. Define neuroscience and name the disciplines that are part of it.
2. Discuss the role of neuroscience in the field of mental health. How do neuroscientists view human behavior? How do the founding fathers (psychiatrists) of neuroscience view the source of all mental illnesses?
3. How do neuroscientists explain the influence of the environment and experience on mental health? Support your answer with an example for the textbook.
4. How do our actions and interests alter our brain functioning? Support your answer with examples for the textbook.
5. How do you understand the term "neuro-reductionism?" Can mental illnesses be reduced to brain disorders? Why or why not?
6. What are the key criticisms of neuro-reductionism? Who promotes it? In your response refer to the ideological, commercial, and political interests that promote the reductionist wing of neuroscience.

Question Sadness

7. Define sadness. What does it mean that "sadness" is culturally relative? How do we express sadness? What does it mean that sadness is a universal emotional state?
8. What is the key reason for sadness in humans and higher mammals?
9. Discuss the expectations concerning how long and how profoundly we should be mourning the loss of others? Support your answer with examples from the textbook.
10. Define depression and describe different meaning of the term depression as presented by Pilgrim and Bentall, 1999. Is there an agreement, in the psychiatric literature, whether depression is an illness, a syndrome, a mood or a symptom?
11. How common is depression? How is it ranked as a contributor to the global burden of disease and human suffering?

Question Fear

12. Define fear.
13. Discuss the relations between fear and anxiety? How does fear differ from anxiety? How do humans manifest fear? What are the neurotic symptoms of fear?
14. What are the three groups/types of anxiety according to current psychiatric classifications.
15. What does it meant that anxiety can be a "conditioned fear response"? Support your answer with example from the textbook.
16. How do existential therapists view anxiety? How do they differ from behaviorists?
17. Discuss the role of social context and stress in anxiety. How do social factors contribute to anxiety? (e.g., industrialization).
18. Discuss the role of anxiety in mental illness. How did Sigmund Freud or John Bowlby see it?