Reference no: EM131640938

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During the 1920s, schools began to integrate sex education into their curriculums. Like the military, the schools experimented with using film to enhance sex education. The American Social Hygiene Association produced The Gift of Life, which explicitly warned students about the "solitary vice": "Masturbation may seriously hinder a boy's progress towards vigorous manhood. It is a selfish, childish, stupid habit." Schools also tried using older media, like literature, to teach students about the birds and the bees. Sex education is teaching on a matter involving to "human sexuality, containing touching relations and responsibilities, human sexual examination, sexual motion, sexual imitation, the age of approval, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control and sexual self-discipline (Valerie J. Huber, 2014, pp. 1-2)."

In the 1930s, the U.S. Office of Education began to publish materials and train teachers. In the 1940s and '50s, courses in human sexuality began to appear on college campuses. In 1964, Mary Calderone, a physician who had been the medical director at Planned Parenthood, founded the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS). SIECUS was created in part to challenge the hegemony of the American Social Hygiene Association, which then dominated sex-education curriculum development. In 1968, The U.S. Office of Education gave New York University a grant to develop graduate programs for training sex-education teachers. Some of the greatest resistance to sex education arose during the sexual revolution of the late '60s and early '70s. Sex education became a political issue during this time, as religious conservatives built a movement based, in part, on their opposition to sex instruction in the public schools.