Create response that furthers the conversation

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Create a response that furthers the conversation DNA replication and repairs are both important mechanisms for preserving the integrity of the genome. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase can proofread when synthesizing a new DNA strand. This is carried out by 3' to 5' exonuclease activity, which allows the removal of an incorrectly paired nucleotide and replacing it with the correct one. Although proofreading does quickly correct errors, they can still occur. Mismatch repair is another mechanism that can fix these. Certain proteins can identify the incorrectly matched bases, and bind to them. The original DNA strand is used as a template to resynthesize the correct sequence, while the mismatched sequence is removed. DNA can be damaged because of many different factors, and the DNA damage response works to detect, signal, and repair these damages. Base excision repair fixes small lesions through DNA glycosylases. Nucleotide excision repair fixes larger and bulkier damages. There are also double-strand break repairs which have to use two different pathways be able to fix the break. Ensuring accuracy of DNA replication and damage repair are important for maintaining genomic stability. By utilizing exonuclease proofreading, mismatch repair, and different DNA damage responses, the body is able to preserve the integrity of the genome. This emphasizes the importance of these processes to help prevent disease and disorders in the future of medicine.

Reference no: EM133814772

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