Reference no: EM132732165

Study Guide on 13 Covid-19 Applications of Western Blotting and Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Testing.

Please help explain the following questions. Please explain in a way that doesn't copy word by word from the article.

Article Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7424330/

Generate responses to the following questions using the paper by Pavia and Wormser (2020) Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 98:115148

1. Use your immunology textbook and the Pavia and Wormer paper to learn about how a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction is done using a skin test.

a. Describe the immunological mechanism underlying Type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

b. Explain how the skin test is done, using testing for exposure to the bacterium causing tuberculosis as an example.

c. What evidence suggests that cell-mediated responses are generated in people infected by SARS-CoV-2 indicating that a skin test might be useful in determining if people have been exposed to the virus?

2. The paper describes patients with covid-19 as seroconverting within 7-10 days of being exposed to the virus. What does the term seroconversion tell you about the patients?

3. In Figure 1, lanes 1-4 show the results of a Western Blot analysis.

a. What is the purpose of the sample shown in the lane labeled Bb?

b. What is the purpose of the sample shown in the lane labeled MWS?

c. What do the results in lanes 1, 2, and 3 tell you about the sera from patients diagnosed with Lyme's disease?

d. Why are the results in lane 4 important in interpretation of the Western Blot results?

4. You are working with a number of people who have recovered from covid-19. You want to identify which of these people might be good sources of convalescent serum that could be used to treat people who have been exposed to the virus.

a. How would convalescent serum be useful as a treatment for covid-19?

b. Describe the steps of a Western Blot protocol that you would use to analyze serum from the potential donors.