Reference no: EM133204276

Source 1:

This chapter concentrates on the early history of the Chesapeake and New England colonies, between 1607 and 1660. The chapter begins by exploring the motives behind English colonization of the New World, then considers who was emigrating to North America and for what reasons. Contact with the Indians and the subsequent transformation of Indian life are examined. The settlement in the Chesapeake region, where tobacco emerged as the economic engine and most early colonists cultivated that crop as indentured servants, is compared with the more family- and spiritually-oriented, more economically diverse New England settlements. There is an ironic note in the story of New England's economic development: although Puritanism's religion-based work ethic partially encouraged the region's economic growth, the wealth it created eventually weakened the power and influence of Puritan authority. Religion and freedom are common themes in this chapter, relevant to the establishment of Maryland, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. The Puritan distinction between moral liberty and religious freedom plays a significant role in the banishment of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson from the Massachusetts colony. Puritanism and liberty are highlighted in "Voices of Freedom" with excerpts from "The Trial of Anne Hutchinson" and from a speech given by John Winthrop. The chapter concludes by looking at the history of English ideas of freedom from the Magna Carta through England's Civil War of the 1640s, which gave the English the belief that they were the world's guardians of liberty. As such, the English believed they were destined to free the Americas from the hold of the Spanish.

Source 2:

Discussion Questions:

Compare and contrast settlement patterns, treatment of Native Americans, and religion of the Spanish and English in the Americas.

Describe who chose to emigrate to North America from England in the seventeenth century and explain their reasons. What can you learn from the Indentured Servant reading about the position of some of the early immigrants?

The English believed that, unlike the Spanish, their motives for colonization were pure, and the growth of empire and freedom would always go hand and hand. How did the expansion of the British empire affect the freedoms of Native Americans, the Irish, and even many English citizens?

How did the tobacco economy draw the Chesapeake colonies into the greater Atlantic world?

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