Reference no: EM133259717

"We also live in a world of nations has a more specific cultural and historical meaning, and national identity has come be the one form of identity that most clearly stands between each of us and the idea of a global community. It goes beyond the legal condition of being a citizen of a state, and also involves an association with the values, history, reputation, and even the image of the state to which we belong"

"National identity is closely tied to the concept of patriotism, or love of country.

This can be value-based, meaning that it is driven by support for the merits and achievements of a state, or it can be egocentric, meaning that it is driven by a personal association - a patriot loves their country simply because it is theirs (Primoratz and Pavkovic, 2007"

"They might agree with the cynical suggestion by the French philosopher Voltaire that to be Ma good patriot one must become the enemy of the rest of mankind. One alternative to patriotism is cosmopolitanism, the view that local and global concerns cannot be separated or divorced, and that rather than the world being detached from the community or state in which each of us lives, it is the only community that matters"

"As we will see throughout this book, coming to grips with global studies demands char we understand numerous concepts whose meanings are contested( Few are harder to tie down than culture, a term that is typically used in an anthropological or sociological context to describe a community of people with a shared history and common values, beliefs, and customs"

"The extent to which cultural differences are barriers to the sense of a global community is reflected in the culture shock that many people face when moving from one culture to another. As often as not, they will struggle to adapt when they find that familiar rules, habits, and assumptions no longer apply"

"A related idea is that of global culture, suggesting that wherever we go in the world, we can expect to have many of the same experiences, to hear many of the same ideas to eat similar kinds of food, and to see many of the same brands, products, and sale services. To the extent that there is a global culture, its origins lie mainly in the inroads made through colonialism by Western ideas into other parts of the word"

"But rather that they have come to be most closely associated with European culture, which is ultimately also Western culture. Discussions about the impact of the West on global culture are frequently peppered with ideas such as cultural imperialism"

"Several countries have hand in recent decades concerns 89 multiculturalism (or cultural pluralism), and the extent to which it is recognized, diverse countries, but several European countries have had troubled national made up of multiple cultures, and debates about the extent to which multiculturalism has either failed or succeeded, recognition of those the spark being the influx over recent decades of migrants from outside Europe"

"Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviours and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time"

"Among the explanations offered by Inglehart for the waning of religion are economic and technological change, a reduced willingness to accept the social constraints imposed by religion, and the reduced role of religion in providing social cohesion. In early agrarian societies when most people barely survived, religion played a useful role in maintaining order and cohesion. In modern and more secure societies, by contrast, people are giving more priority to self-expression and free choice, and are moving away from the norms and values often associated with religion".