Reference no: EM133047625

Operating Systems

1. What are the 2 basic functions of an operating system (as presented in class)? 

2. Describe kernel mode. Give an example of something that runs in kernel mode. 

3. Describe how operating systems differ from user programs/applications. 

4. By the early 1960s, computing manufacturers had 2 distinct, incompatible, product lines. One was for commercial applications (banks and insurance companies), what was the other one? 

5. What is Multics?

6. What is a process? 

7. Traditionally, in what mode have most (not all)device drivers ran in? 

8. What is a system call? Provide a general description and give 3 examples of system calls. 

9. What is BIOS? Give a brief description and specify what it stands for.

10. Name 3 operating system categories discussed in the "Operating System Zoo" slide.

11. In the context of operating systems, what is a pipe?

12. What is the "waitpid"system call used for in UNIX?

13. Give a specific example of an operating system with a monolithic kernel. 

14. What was the purpose of developing POSIX?

15. What are the 3 segments that a process is divided into in UNIX? 

16. What command is used in UNIX to display a list of the files and directories within the current directory? 

17. Explain how you would manually end a process in UNIX/Linux (be specific specify the command and parameter(s)). 

18. Specify the 3 process states presented in class and describe each one.

19. Specify at least 4 things contained in a process table. 

20. Suppose there are 4 processes and each process is10% likely to be waiting for I/O. What is the probability that all 4 processes are waiting for I/O at the same time? 

21. In reference to the previous question with 4 processes, that each spend 10% of their time waiting for I/O, what is the CPU utilization (exact answer)? 

22. What is a thread? 

23. Why are threads useful? Provide at least 3 reasons.

24. In terms of processes/threads, what is a socket?

25. Describe 2 drawbacks of threads.

26. What is a critical region?

27. There were 4 conditions to provide mutual exclusion that were presented in class. Specify 2 of them.

28. Describe in your words what "race condition" means.

29. What is a semaphore (give a detailed description including the 2 operations on semaphores).

30. What is a mutex?

1. There were 4 situations presented in class of "when to schedule". Describe 2 of them.

2. Define what is meant by preemptive and non-preemptive algorithm scheduling algorithm.