Reference no: EM133229464

1. What is the most efficient way to make up an citrate buffer at pH 3.5? What starting compounds and reagents will you use?

2. If you mix 60mL of 0.2 M acetic acid with 80mL of 0.4 M acetate, what will be the resulting p?

3. How many total milliliters of 1M NaOH can you add to the solution in question 2(D) and still have a good buffer (that is, within 1 pH unit of pKa).

4. If you are making 100mL of a 0.1M HEPES buffer starting from HEPES in the basic form, is it prudent to get 50mL of 1M HCl from the community reagent bottle to use for your titration? Why or why not?

5. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction is carried out in a 250 mL solution containing 0.1M TRIS buffer. The pH of the reaction mixture at the start was 7.8. As a result of the reaction, 0.003mol of H+ were produced. What is the ratio of TRIS base to TRIS acid at the start of the experiment? What is the ratio at the end of the experiment? What is the final pH?