Reference no: EM13671101
1) Briefly present the significance and clinical usage of neuromuscular blocking agents.
2) Describe the difference between centrally active muscle relaxants and directly acting skeletal muscle relaxants.
3) Describe and compare the mechanism of action of depolarizing and nondepolarizing agents. What type of receptors are they interacting with?
4) Using baclofen as an example of antispasticity drug, explain the mechanism of action on muscle fibers and reflexes. How different is the action of benzodiazepines, such as diazepam which also has antispasticity effect?
5) Does baclofen cross blood-brain-barrier or not? What is a major clinical application for baclofen?
6) Briefly present the most common side effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs. Why some of them can cause hypertension or arrhythmias?
7) What side effects are directly related to long-term use of neuromuscular blocking agents?
8) Present the most common drug-drug interactions between neuromuscular blocking agents and other drugs.
9) Briefly describe the mechanism of action of local anesthetics. Can they act on neurons in PNS?
10) Briefly describe the major factors affecting the rate of onset of clinical anesthesia? What is a benefit using vasoconstrictors with local anesthetics?
11) Analyze the process of synthesis, metabolism, storage and release of histamine.
12) Briefly present the action of inhibitors of degranulation and histamine release from mast cells and basophils. Why classic antihistamines are called selective H1 receptor antagonist?
13) Describe the major characteristics and actions of antihistamines. What is a difference between first and second generation of antihistamines?
14) Compare the actions of H1 and H2 receptor antagonists.
15) Analyze the process of synthesis, metabolism, storage and release of eicosanoids.
16) Briefly describe the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of eicosanoids.
17)What side effects are directly related to long-term use of eicosanoids?
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Compute vapor pressure of methanol
: The boiling point of methanol is 65.0C as well as the standard enthalpy of formation of methanol vapor is -201.2 kj/mol. How would you compute their vapor pressure of methanol (in mmhg) at 25C
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Explain how many times greater is the h+ concentration
: Diet cola has a pH of 3.0 while milk has a pH of 7.0. Explain how many times greater is the H+ concentration in the diet cola than the milk
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Draw a synthesis of m-nitrobenzoic acid starting
: Draw a synthesis of m-nitrobenzoic acid starting from Ethyl Chloride and utilizing any needed organic/inorganic reagents. Presume that a mixture of isomers can be separated.
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Molecular orbital theory properly redictsparamagnetism
: Molecular Orbital theory properly redictsparamagnetism of oxygen gas, O2. This is because a) There are two unpaired electrons in the MO electron configuration of O2
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Clinical usage of neuromuscular blocking agents
: Briefly present the significance and clinical usage of neuromuscular blocking agents and describe the difference between centrally active muscle relaxants and directly acting skeletal muscle relaxants.
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Define what is the kp
: If N2 and H2 at preliminary pressures of 1.5atm and 2.5atm respectively were permissible to react at 300K as well as the total pressure at equilibrium is 4.0atm, define what is the Kp
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Approximate the activation energy of the reaction
: At room temperature (20 degrees Celsius), milk turns sour in about 64 hours. In a refrigerator (3 C), milk can be stored 3 times as long before it sours.
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Explain what the empirical simplest formula of the compound
: A .3120g sample of a compound made up of aluminum and chlorine yields 1.006g of AgCl when mixed with enoughAgNO3 to react completely with all of the chlorine. Explain what the empirical simplest formula of the compound is
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Explain what the percentage of calcium is in an ionic
: Explain what the percentage of calcium is in an ionic compound of unknown composition if a 2.241g Sample of the compound is completely dissolved in water and produces 1.252g of CaCO3 upon addition of an excess of Na2CO3 solution.
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