Reference no: EM132547323

We began this lab thinking about the characteristics of living things and cells, and then we worked through some of the structures and organelles that function to maintain these characteristics in cells. There are some disorders that affect normal cellular function and may result in disease. Based on what you've learned about
cells and organelles, pair each disease or disorder with the type of organelle it affects.

A. Peroxisome

B. Mitochondrion

C. Nucleus

D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

E. Ribosomes

F. Lysosome

1. Kearns-Sayre syndrome: This condition results from a decrease in cellular energy production and muscle weakness in many parts of the body, especially the eyes, where it can cause paralysis of the eye muscles.

2. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD): This inherited neurodegenerative disorder results from a failure of neurons to oxidize very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA).

3. Treacher Collins syndrome: This condition results from defects in the organelle responsible for protein synthesis, which kills the cells responsible for the development of the facial bones and tissues.

4. Cystic fibrosis: This inherited disease of the mucus and sweat glands causes mucus to thicken, and it can accumulate in the lungs, causing breathing problems and increased risk of bacterial infection. It results from defects in the synthesis of a protein by ribosomes on a membranous organelle.

5. Tay-Sachs disease: This rare inherited disorder destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in muscle weakness and lack of coordination, as well as neurological disorders. It results from defects in a hydrolase that normally breaks down a specific lipid, which causes the lipid to build up in cells, particularly neurons, ultimately destroying them.

6. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome: This genetic disorder, which results from a defect in a protein that supports the membranes of the organelle that contains genomic DNA, causes accelerated aging.