Reference no: EM133316155

Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE regarding redox reactions?

Redox reactions involve the transfer of oxygen, hydrogen, or electrons

Oxidation and reduction reactions always take place side-by-side

The rate of redox reactions can be altered by antioxidants

Redox reactions are always undesirable because radicals are produced

Question 2

Free radicals are ______?

Molecules that reduce oxidative stress

Stable oxygen species

Strong oxidizing agents

Reducing agents by losing its unpaired electron

Question 3

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ___?

May provide important functions such as eliminating pathogenic bacteria

Are all free radicals

Include superoxide dismutase and other enzymes

Can alleviate oxidative stress

Question 4

What could be an endogenous source of free radicals?

Light, especially UV, can sensitize oxygen to form free radicals

Some ROS can be generated through the electron transport chain

Smoking causes cell damage by forming free radicals

Endogenous antioxidant enzymes catalyze reactions to form ROS

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lipid oxidation?

Lipid oxidation can be initiated by ROS.

Lipid oxidation produces desirable color and flavor to food products.

Lipid is oxidized to improve its nutritive value.

Lipid oxidation causes the browning of vegetables and fruits.

Question 6

Which of the following nutrients does NOT mainly function as an antioxidant?

Calcium

Vitamin C

Vitamin E

Selenium

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding antioxidants?

Antioxidants are all from dietary sources such as some vitamins and minerals

Antioxidants are all oxidizable substrates so they are reducing other molecules

Some functional proteins such as transporters may have antioxidant properties

Tertiary antioxidants regenerate secondary antioxidants and limit auto-oxidation

Question 8

Which of the following is a carrier protein and an antioxidant?

Superoxide dismutase

Catalase

Melatonin

Albumin

Question 9

Which of the following statemente is false regarding antioxidants used in foods?

Synthetic antioxidants cannot be added into foods

Antioxidants could increase the shelf life of foods

Antioxidants that are consumed may provide some secondary benefits such as anti-inflammatory effect

Vitamin C is a natural antioxidant that is widely added into foods

Question 10

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding oxidative stress?

Oxidative stress can be elevated by antioxidants consumption

Oxidative stress is due to a suppressed level of ROS

High oxidative stress corresponds to a high antioxidant status

Oxidative stress can be assessed by measuring biomarkers.