Reference no: EM133250863

A 42-year-old female presented to the dentist complaining intermittent right upper toothache pain over a week which intensified 1 day ago and seemed to radiate to the back of her neck. At the time of her appointment the dentist refused to treat the patient's toothache pain with anything other than oral antibiotics because her blood pressure was 210/155. The patient presented to her local ER where she reported that she had been experiencing edema and voiding very little despite her increase in fluid intake. Her labs revealed a non-fasting blood glucose level of 410, proteinuria and an initial, elevated troponin level of 0.3. Her vital signs were blood pressure 225/150, pulse 86, respirations 18, and temperature of 97.7. Medications included Lasix 20mg po daily, coreg 12.5mg daily, losartan 25mg daily, clonidine 0.1mg po TID, metformin 875mg po BID and Humulin 70/30 insulin 15U in the morning and 10U in the evening sq.

1. The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.

2. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.

3. How these processes interact to affect the patient.