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An oil-storage area was abandoned 18 years ago. Oil spilled on the ground had saturated the soil at a concentration of 400mg/Kg of soil. A fast food chain now wants to build a restaurant at the site, and samples the soil for contaminant, only to discover that the soil still contains oil residue. You are consulted as the expert environmental engineer on biodegradation of oil spill to give advice. Having identified the microorganism involved the biodegradation and discovered that its mode of action is first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.25 year-1, .
a) What is the calculated concentration on the site?.
b) How long will it take for the soil concentration to be below the acceptable EPA Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) of oil is 1 mg/kg of soil?
c. A 1.5 million gallon water reservoir in Avila Beach in California was contaminated by oxygenated gasoline containing 0.5% by weight of MBTE when the pipeline busted. If the estimated volume of gasoline released into the reservoir was 5000 gallons and the specific gravity of gasoline is 0.870. Density of water is 1000kg/m3. Calculate in ppb the concentrations of
i. Gasoline in the reservoir
ii. MBTE in the reservoir
A mass of 200g of saturated liquid water is completely vaporized at a constant pressure of 100KPa. Determine a) the volume change b) the amount of energy added to the water
A container with volume 0.2 m^3 holds oxygen and has gages showing readings of 70°C and 25 bars. Calculate the amount of oxygen (mass and moles) in the container if the atmospheric pressure is 1 bar.^3
A rectangular channel has water flowing at a depth of 1.6 ft with a corresponding specific energy of 1.736 ft. A step up on the channel bed resulte in the flow becoming critical. The critical depth is 1.29 ft and corresponding specific energy is 1..
For an elevated storage tank , if the minimum allowable pressure = 300 kPa, Height of pipe system at low-pressure service location = 6 m, and head loss from tank to service location: average daily conditions = 11 m
A simple steam power plant operates at steady state with water circulating through the components with a mass flow rate of 100 kg/s. Stray heat transfer, kinetic energy and potential energy effects are negligible.
A trapezoidal channel with a bottom width of 4 feet and side slopes 2:1 (H:V) and a bed slope of 1 percent conveys a discharge of 50,000 gpm. Assume n = 0.025. Compute the normal depth.
The first pipe of 400mm diameter is 500 m long, the second pipe 600 m long, size 300mm, and the last pipe is 500m long of diameter 200mm. If the elevation difference between two reservoirs is 30m
Explain how the desert air can contain much more h 2 o vapor in the air than the pole, and still a lower humidity than the pole? what causes the difference between dry and moist lapse rate?
A light bar AD is suspended from a cable BE and supports a 50-lb block at C. The ends A and D of the bar are in contact with frictionless vertical walls. Determine the tension in cable BE and the reactions at A and D
An automobile traveling at 30 miles per hour on level pavement with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.6. Weighs 3,000 lb. Sixty percent of its weight is on the front axle and 40% on the rear axle.
A reverse osmosis plant desalinates 5X10^6 L/day of feedwater containing 1500 mg/L of salts, yielding 3X10^6 L/day of product water with 75 mg?l of salt. What would the salt concentration be in the brine?
A concrete mix with a 3-inch slump, w/c ratio of 0.50, and sand with a fineness modulus of 2.4 contains 1700 lb/yd^3 of coarse aggregate. Compute the required weight of coarse aggregate per cubic yard.
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